Sharif Digital Repository

This research aimed to investigate the relationship between household poverty and the gender of the head in the Iranian households. The self-reported gender of the head of household (FHH), underestimates the rate of poverty in female- head households (FHH). The self-reported gender of the head of household considers, conventionally, a family as male-head, even if the man of the family is incapable of making money. In much of these families the wife is the sole income holder even though she is not recognized as the head. In this study, a definition for household headship is introduced, which considers head of household the one who provides more than 50% of household income. Using household’s... 

Because of the importance of the issue of poverty, in this study, we introduce and copute aspects & dimensions of multidimensional poverty index. The object of this thesis is studing the trend of changes in Iranian households’ welfare during the years 2005 through 2015 and recognizing the economic and social poor households’ characteristics. There are two methods that are used to computing MPI (Multidimensional Poverty Index). One of them is standard method that is given unique weight to each dimension, the other one is questionnaire method which is asked poverty experts to set proper weight to each dimension. Knowing how poverty index (income & mpi) changes, can help policy makers to... 

Inadequate nutrition is perhaps the most important problem facing the poor. Being hungry lowers productivity and decreases individuals’ income. All of these factors conspire to help the poor stay poor. Raising the income of the poor is one solution for this problem if the elasticity of calorie and macronutrients with respect to income is greater than zero. This study employs both nonparametric and parametric methods to obtain the elasticity of per capita calorie and macronutrients with respect to household per capita expenditure. The case presented is for urban areas of Islamic republic of Iran, 2008-2016. Under each estimation strategy we employ, we find a strongly significant and positive... 

Empirical finding and evidence asserts that families, in response to income shock, allegedly use their children as income sources and have them to participate in the labor market. By making use of Propensity Score Matching and Heckman Two Steps models and exogenous agricultural income shocks, we examine the hypothesis for the families in the rural areas of Iran. We use the Households' Income and Expenditures Survey of Iran for two consequent years of 1393 (2014) and 1394 (2015). The working sample is restricted to households with children aged between 10-17 years old. Our findings show that the outcome of interest, daily work hours, is not significantly affected by the exogenous shocks of...