Sharif Digital Repository

In this text to find the answer of the question “ what is it to be physical” in a definition form or a scheme of the term physical, firstly we sought for a possible consensus among recent physicists and philosophers. But from their answers not only we did not find any clear consensus but also most of them confess that the term is ambiguous and unclear. In a general aspect, we can categorize the answers to two theoretical and realistic perspective. The theoretical perspective, beside circularity and Hempel’s triviality, seems not to present any criteria for being physical. In realistic perspective, it seems that there is no ontologic constraint for being physical, that is from “being... 

One of the most widely used methods in the study of the mechanical behavior of fiber-reinforced polymers is modeling and simulation of a unit cell behavior. According to the arrangement of composite materials, the unit cell is selected in order to include and represent actual constructions of the material. In this study a numerical self-consistence method is proposed to estimate effective properties of Carbon-epoxy composite materials. In this method, in addition of two main phases i.e. matrix and fiber, a phase of composite properties is also considered surrounding the unit cell. First using analytical and semi-empirical methods, the properties are calculated and are converged after...