Sharif Digital Repository

Various philosophical views on scientific models, in this research, are reviewed and criticized. From a syntactic point of view, a scientific theory is nothing but its models, and this is the theory that illustrates how the model is constructed. Pragmatic view, by adopting a pluralistic view, argue that the interpretive model provides the basis for the concretization of the abstract concepts of the theory, and it is possible that representational model is incompatible with the theory itself. The model works better than theory even in functions such as prediction, explanation and representation in some places. A group of philosophers believe that with the introduction of fiction discussion,... 

Different views and approaches have been adopted regarding the nature of scientific theories in the philosophy of science, which can be generally divided into two main parts: A) Syntactic (linguistic) approach, which is also called the traditional or received view, B) Semantic approach (model-based view).The main and dominant idea in the syntactic view, first proposed by logical empricists is that a scientific theory is an axiomatic system in a formal language (first-order language) that is subject to deduction and is partially interpreted by a set of correspondence rules. This view has been the subject of numerous attacks and criticisms since the 1960s, after which an alternative approach,...