Sharif Digital Repository

A Balanced Scorecard (BSC) model is proposed to evaluate performance of Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) management systems. This model includes key performance indicators at three integrated levels. It has been tested and verified in a project-based organization in Iran, active in the area of power and energy. Results show that the company has done well in implementing HSE management processes, but no so well in growth and learning. This model may be used as a basis for comparing different companies and various proposed programs in the field of HSE management systems. The model includes indicators and sub-indicators in each category particularly related to stakeholders, processes, and... 

Today safety is one of the major competition factors in automotive industries . The vehicles of today are more and more dependent on electronic systems , for driving safety and ease on control for the driver . Some systems are more or less standard in vehicles on the market , examples of such systems are ABS , ABC , etc. Despite of the effect of these systems on vehicle dynamics ,because they only control longitudinal dynamics and don't receive any feedback from vehicle lateral behavior , now control systems ,named VDC , have been developed and implemented in advanced vehicles. The operation of such systems is as this that in any time instance they evaluate vehicle dynamical behavior.... 

In today's complex engineering systems, any increase in efficiency naturally comes with concerns about accepted level of safety. As demand for aerial transportation is increasing, more researches are conducted to increase the capacity of current controlled airspaces; as the limited capacity of the so called "en-route" corridors appears to be the main concern in the industry. Meanwhile, a solution is expected to be in more efficient exploitation of the current airspace capacities via optimizing the standards related to maintaining Separation Minima (SM) among flying aircrafts. Current standards assume an aircraft to be at the center of a circle with a radius equal to 5 nm. In this work,... 

Decision making for planning a petrochemical plant is a difficult task, particularly when decisions are required to be made under constraints and different objectives. Final purpose of current research is to develop a reliable model for selecting limited petrochimal products among all potential alternatives under different constraints, considering two desired objective functions; Maximizing economic gain and minimizing safety risk. The powerful tool of multi objective decision making has been used for solving the proposed model. The developed model has been applied to Jam Petrochemical Company as a case study and the acquired results found to be successful.

 

Construction is a large industry in Iran, it engages in a wide range of products. The raw materials which are used in making a building are fairly standard items: iron, cement, glass, and so on. Because the technologies for making a building are well-known, contractor can solicit bids from variety suppliers for raw materials without worrying about the possible disclosure of trade secrets. Unfortunately bidding processing in Iran becomes very slow and inefficient. Each transaction required to request the relevant telephone number to supplier that might be interested in bidding on the item, it would often take purchasing personnel more than one week to gather the information, send it to... 

As aircraft fleets get older, the challenge of Flight Safety gets greater. This Thesis focus on management strategies and principles to keep long-life fleet safe and effective into old age. But the safety and efficacy are not the only ones who are considered at long-life fleet. Here the question arises why the aircraft prior to exposure to the effects of rising life expectancy, are not replaced by other aircraft.The reason is the high cost of the replacement. Aircraft are expensive to design and manufacture. In commercial aviation, extreme competition and miniscule profit force pressures to delay replacement of older aircraft with expensive new types. But in Military aircraft reason for... 

The increasing number of road accidents and fatalities have yielded the introduction of several solutions by related industries such as automobile manufacture. Proposed solutions can be classified into two categories: passive, such as airbags, and active such as ABS ad ITS-based technologies. Inter vehicles communication let the communication between vehicles(V2V) or between vehicles and road infrastructure (V2I) by relying on DSRC technology and standards. Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) has three main types of applications namely safety, traffic and commercial. Safety applications are the main goal of vehicular communication, and real time guarantee in safety applications is so... 

The main factor ensuring safety of passing maneuvers on two lane highways is known as Passing Sight Distance (PSD). The criteria presented in Iran's code and AASHTO Green book are provided by the results of researches conducted between years 1938 & 1941 in the United States. This research intends to find out whether some changes should be applied to the PSD criteria according to current vehicles' performance and driving behavior in Iran. For this purpose, about 8 hours of video films has been recorded from 3 different sites chosen from two-lane highways in Iran, resulted in 326 passing records. In the case of passing of two passenger cars The models provided by analyzing the videos show that... 

Competitive world of industrial production need more speed and faster reaction for the customer needs. This should be carried out in low cost activities while satisfying what the consumers and customers require. Business of commercial refrigerators and freezers is a big industry targeting small to big customers. In this thesis a systematic method relying on reduction of cost, reworking and unexpected expenditures in product life is utilized. Stands for Design for Manufacturing, DFM is a series of principles and guideline simply to achieve a faultless design of a product so that the non-incurred costs of the product travel through its life cycle become minimized. Freezers and refrigerators... 

Security is an important issue in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs),which are mainly aimed at enhancing safety. Analysis of security mechanisms can help design and implement secure communication establishment methods in such networks. Formal verification is an analysis approach, with the purpose of proving the correctness of a system based on defined precise assumptions. Formal verification is applicable to a vast range of systems, such as time-critical reactive systems. Timed formal verification of cryptographic protocols is a subject that has gained a lot of attention in the recent two decades. The TESLA broadcast authentication protocol is on one hand an efficient, standardized method... 

In order to respond to the concerns of safety and productivity of construction operations, in this research, the model based on discrete event simulation has been proposed. In this model, with simulation of different scenarios of construction operation in planning and designing phases, before starting construction operation, the level of safety and productivity of each scenario evaluates concurrently. The Scenario that best meets the safety and productivity concerns concurrently has been selected for operation. In order to evaluate the feasibility of the model in construction operation, the model has been implemented in a fabrical example. The operation of installing tiles on the sloping... 

Safety of concrete gravity dams under dynamic loading that cause from earthquakes is an important aspect of research.as we know, dam structure response is related to type of loading, properties of concrete and foundation material, so according to the uncertainties of these random variables, in this research we calculate the response (stresses) of structure for different value of random variables that have their own probability distribution type. Nonlinear plasticity damage model of dam is implemented in ABAQUS and for reliability analysis we use Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS). Sensitivity results show that PGA of earthquake and Special Energy (Gf) of concrete in comparison with concrete... 

Generally speaking, there are two types of self-propagating combustion waves: deflagrations and detonations. deflagrations waves propagate at relatively low subsonic velocities with respect to the reactants ahead of it. The propagation velocity in deflagration wave is of order of 1 to 10 meters per second depend on laminar or turbulent regime. On the other hand, the detonation wave is a supersonic combustion wave (of the order of 2000 m/s) across which the thermodynamic states (e.g., pressure and temperature) increase sharply. It can be considered as a reacting shock wave where reactants transform into products, accompanied by an energy release across it. Due to drastic changes that... 

One of the most important stages to designing a process plant is layout of equipment in unit area. There are plenty of routine procedures to find out equipment arrangement and their separation distances based on process and cost criteria. One of this Procedures is the use of codes and standards. Although some studies have been carried out to enter safety parameters to conventional procedures, the problem complexity because of the number of involved equipment is still of concern. To clear these ambiguities, the new approach presented in this thesis is aimed at quantifying the effects of adjacent equipment on each other. In this way, fire radiation and explosion have been selected as the major... 

Studies show that Pedestrians are at fault in 59% of the vehicle-pedestrian accidents. The traffic crash statistics show the importance of understanding factors of pedestrian errors. If pedestrians terminate their waiting behavior during the red light period and cross the street, they would put themselves in danger. Pedestrians’ red-light violation is a type of highly dangerous behavior occurring at intersections. A total of 1130 pedestrians approaching the intersections during red light periods were observed from the videotapes data collected at 6 intersections in Tehran, Iran. Pedestrian crossing behaviors are classified into immediate crossing behavior and waiting behavior. A logit model... 

Performing a safe and effective endoscopic sinus and skull based surgery (ESSS), requires special training programs to gain sufficient hand-eye coordination and instrument manipulation skills. In this regard, virtual-based haptic surgical training systems have been considered among the medical students and residents as an effective approach for training practices. Therefore, in this study, the development of a haptic training system for ESSS, based on an animal model has been addressed. By conducting various indentation and relaxation experiments, mechanical properties of the specific sino-nasal regions of sheep head, as a function of force, displacement and tool insertion rate, for three... 

The construction is classified as a high-risk industry. The number of casualties and fatalities in this industry is disproportionately high. The ability to recognize hazards in the construction process and the design stage is still in its early stages of development. The most important way to control and eliminate hazards and accidents is to analyze these hazards before they occur and plan to deal with them before starting project activities. Identifying safety risks is the first step in evaluating and analyzing these risks. Building Information Modeling (BIM) technology, due to the consideration of the relationship between the elements in the model and because it contains an object-oriented... 

Successful deployment of the next-generation safety-critical systems (e.g., self-driving cars or assistive robots) requires certifying their safety during their operation. Therefore, there is an urgent need for developing safe controllers that respect the system’s constraints all the time. Safety, however, is the bare minimum requirement for any safety-critical system, and it is desired to design safe controllers that achieve as much performance as possible. Most existing results in the literature consider either optimal control design without safety specifications or safe control design with only short-sighted optimality. However, long-term optimality based on long-horizon optimization is... 

Along with the emergence of the smart city concept and the increasing demand for a wide range of vehicles, the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) has attracted a lot of attention by providing numerous benefits including vehicle accident warning, reducing pollution levels and traffic congestion, as well as entertainment services. Furthermore, IoV offers various services combining Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) and IoT in smart cities. However, these types of networks are exposed to a variety of security and privacy risks due to the wireless nature, because the sensitive message is transmitted through an insecure channel in the IoV-based smart city environment, therefore, it is necessary to...