Sharif Digital Repository

Tinnitus is a perception of sound in the absence of an external source. Tinnitus is commonly associated with the hearing system and the sound perception areas in brain. Subjective tinnitus etiology has not been fully understood. Recent researches introduce some theories by means of finding structural differences in brain of tinnitus patients in comparison to normal people. In most previous researches on finding correlations of tinnitus in EEG signals, processes has been performed in time or frequency domain. According to these evidence and great performance of time-frequency analyses tools, especially wavelets in processing non-stationary signals, we utilized wavelet packets to decompose EEG... 

Tinnitus is understood to be a repeating sound, often in the form of a ringing in one or both ears, in the absence of any external stimulus. There is no definite scientific justification for this condition, but this complication usually occurs due to hearing loss or after aging or acute trauma. A recent community-based epidemiological study found that 17.5% of 60-year-olds and older were suffering from Tinnitus. Despite the significant outbreak and the great impact of this impairment on the quality of life of people with this condition, no definitive treatment has been provided so far. Therefore, further research in this field is of great importance. One of the tools used to carry out these... 

Tinnitus is commonly referred to the symptom of “ringing in the ear”, and it is scientifically described as the perception of sound in the absence of an acoustic event. This symptom is powerful enough to negatively affect sleep patterns and concentration. The symptoms affect more than forty-five million people only in the US and 10 to 20% of the world population. Management and treatment of subjective tinnitus is an ongoing focus of research activities. Ample evidence suggests that the mechanism of tinnitus involves maladaptive plasticity in both classic and non-classic auditory pathway. The non-classical pathway is referred to multi-modal sensory inputs to the auditory system, limbic... 

According to clinical surveys, it is estimated that chronic tinnitus is experienced by 10 to 15% of the adult population. Tinnitus is defined as the conscious and involuntary perception of noise or ringing without involvement of either mechanical or external audio source. In recent years, a limited number of studies have investigated the effects of applying transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to ameliorate this condition. TMS is a noninvasive intervention in which magnetic pulses are applied by a coil adjacent to the individual's head. In this study, electroencephalogram (EEG) signals are recorded concurrent and as a follow-up to TMS. This makes it possible to study changes caused by... 

Tinnitus is known as a disorder in which a person is heard a sound without an external source. The tinnitus with brain disorder source is still unknown and in recent years, various experiments have proposed many hypotheses and tried to evaluate the structural differences of the brain in tinnitus with normal people. The combination of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) with ElectroEncephaloGram (EEG) provides a good evaluation system with good time resolution and fair spatial resolution. In this study, at first, based on a wide range of studies in the field of TMS on Tinnitus have been examined from the participants conditions and stimulation parameters aspects to suitable stimulation... 

Tinnitus is variety of sounds heard when no corresponding external sound is present. To remedy this condition, various methods have been proposed, however none have resulted in systematic and lasting results. This study aims to investigate the efficacy of non-invasive electrical stimulation techniques (tES) in the treatment of tinnitus. Stimulation parameters, including intensity, frequency, duration, and session frequency, are tailored to the individual's subjective tinnitus characteristics and treatment goals. Specifically, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is explored as a non-invasive method of electrical stimulation. In the tDCS method, electrodes are strategically... 

Tinnitus means hearing a sound without an external source. Despite the research done in relation to it, it is still an unknown phenomenon and no method has been introduced to treat it. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is one of the methods that its effectiveness in decreasing tinnitus sound is still under investigation. This technology is a non-invasive method to stimulate the brain, which modulates the activity of neurons by applying successive electromagnetic pulses on the scalp. Most of the studies conducted in this field have used clinical evaluations to investigate the effect of stimulation. Relying on this method alone to evaluate the effect of stimulation cannot take a...