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Design and Fabrication of a Distal Locking Screw Aiming Device for Treatment of Shaft Fractures of Long Bones with Intramedullary Nails

Porsa, Sina | 2009

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 39851 (08)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Mechanical Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Farahmand, Farzam; sadat fumani, Mahmood
  7. Abstract:
  8. Fractures of the shaft of the long bones-especially in femur and tibia- is one of the most common fractures. In past decades various methods have been suggested for induction, fixation and repair of these fractures. The main fixation method for shaft fractures of femur and tibia in adult patients is named “Intramedullary Nailing”. In this method, after inducing the fracture, the bone marrow is pulled out via a hole created in the proximal part of the bone. Then, a nail will go down through this empty space inside the bone. This nail will be fixed in to proximal and distal parts of fractures with some locking screws. This way, the part of fracture cannot move respect to each other and the healing will begin. Deformation of the nail during this procedure will make it difficult to find the location of locking screws. Because these nails are lengthy, finding the location of locking screws are more difficult for distal screws than proximal screws. Many methods are introduced to solve the problem of aiming distal locking screws in Intramedullary Nailing. These methods can be categorized in two main groups including X-Ray based methods and radiation free methods. X-ray based methods are neither accurate nor safe. The patient and surgical team are exposed to X-Ray many times during the operation which can lead to some problems for them. Even though the radiation free methods are safe, but they are not accurate and most of them are time consuming which is nor desired. The main objective of this study is to invent a new radiation free, fast and accurate distal locking screw aiming device. In order to reduce the weight of the nails, most of them are hollow cylinders. This way they will have high torsion and bending strength and low weight. The main idea in this study is to utilize this hollow space for aiming the location of the locking screws.
  9. Keywords:
  10. Long Bone ; Refraction ; Intramedullary Nailing ; Distall Locking Screw Aiming ; Distall Locking

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