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Feasibility Study on the Production of Biodiesel Using Domestic Wastes

Atapour, Mehdi | 2010

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 40442 (06)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Chemical and Petroleum Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Kariminia, Hamid Reza; Moslehi, Parivash
  7. Abstract:
  8. Biodiesel as an alternative fuel for fossil diesel has many benefits such as reducing regulated air pollutants emissions, reducing greenhouse gases emissions, being renewable, biodegradable and non-toxic. In this study, used frying oil was used as a low cost feedstock for biodiesel production by alkali-catalyzed transesterification. The used frying oil was originally a mixture of various oils obtained from vegetables that are native to Iran. The design of experiments was performed using a 5-level-5-factor central composite design coupled with response surface methodology in order to study the effect of factors on the yield of biodiesel and optimizing the reaction conditions. The factors studied were: reaction temperature, molar ratio of methanol to oil, catalyst type (NaOH and KOH), catalyst concentration and reaction time. A quadratic model was suggested to predict the ester yield. The optimum conditions were obtained as follows: NaOH as the more effective catalyst, reaction temperature of 65 ℃, methanol to oil molar ratio of 9, NaOH concentration of 0.72% w/w and reaction time of 45 min. In these conditions the predicted and observed ester yields were 93.56% and 92.05%, respectively, which verified the accuracy of the model. The fuel properties of biodiesel produced under optimum conditions, including density, kinetic viscosity, flash point, cloud and pour points were measured according to ASTM standard methods and compared with EN 14214 and ASTM 6751 biodiesel standards
  9. Keywords:
  10. Biodiesel ; Experiments Design ; Optimization ; Response Surface Method ; Used Frying Oil ; Fuel Properties

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