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Investigation of Flow Rate and Cooling Water Temperature Effects on the Process Parameters in Centrifuge Machine

Aghaei, Majid | 2009

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 40491 (46)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Energy Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Otukesh, Mohammad; Safdari, Jaber
  7. Abstract:
  8. Centrifuge is a method in which great gravitational-like forces are used. Gravitational forces which cause molecules to move and are relevant to molecular weight; can cause isotope separation. The separation of light isotope from heavy one is done with a centrifugal field which produces a pressure gradient for the gas mixture. Pressure gradient is different for each of the isotopes due to the dependence of pressure gradient to the mass of the materials. But the separation in this way is very limited. The capacity of separation can be brought up by producing an additional axial flow in the rotor. This rotational flow can be produced with internal or external incitement. Rotational flow with internal incitement can be done with mechanical or thermal effect. Thermal effect can be done with two ways: 1- Thermal gradient on the side wall of the rotor 2- Thermal gradient between the up and down bonnets The mechanical effect can happen with two mechanisms: 1- Slowing down the gas in one end of the rotor 2- Importing the flow from feed entrance into the rotor and deporting the waste and product In Iranian machine, the lower bonnet is colder than the higher one. So according to the thermal effect, the heavier isotope is accumulated on top of the rotor. There is a static scoop without tablet and in the down part of the rotor a product rotor has been put. In this research with good thermal sensor installation, thermal profile of rotor can be obtained in or out of gas feed situation. The heat resources of the machine can be controlled and the effect of flow rate and the temperature of the cooling water for the lower and higher parts of the shell, consuming voltage and top end pressure of the machine on the temperature distribution of the rotor and process parameters were investigated. Furthermore by producing different gradients on the rotor, the increasing rotor temperature gradient effect on process parameters is obtained and the role of mechanical effect on producing the rotation has been investigated. As expected, machine yield increases with the temperature gradient increase in up and down of the rotor and the mechanical effect has a great contribution on increasing of the machine yield. The temperature and flow rate of the cooling water does not influence the rotor temperature but the increase in the voltage or machine power, the difference between the temperature of up and down of the rotor decreased and with increase of the top end pressure of the machine this temperature difference increased
  9. Keywords:
  10. Centrifuges ; Cooling Water ; Temperature Gradient ; Process Parameters

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