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Effects of Low Back Pain and Posterior Lumbar Surgery on Pattern of Muscle Activities, Trunk Strength and Spinal Stability

Ghiasi, Mohammad Sadegh | 2013

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 44139 (08)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Mechanical Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Farahmand, Farzam; Arjmand, Navid
  7. Abstract:
  8. 80% of people in all over the world, experience Low Back Pain (LBP) once in their lives. LBP leads to dysfunction of spine. About 25% of LBP relates to the intervertebral disks which in the critical cases, a Posterior Lumbar Surgery (PLS) on the one or more lumbar disks should be done. Due to the some procedure such as retracting, cutting or denervation of muscles, PLS can hurt trunk muscles and spine. Thus, investigation of LBP and postoperative complications of PLS can help us in recognition of causes of LBP and PLS complications and modification of PLS approaches. The objective of this research was investigation of effects of LBP and PLS on the biomechanical function of spine. Pattern of muscles activities in different tasks, trunk strength and spinal stability were considered as the indexes of biomechanical function. Due to the limitation of experimental approaches for determination of muscle forces, a complicated biomechanical model of lumbar spine was developed to study LBP and PLS. Therefore, for the beginning a musculoskeletal model of intact spine was developed. Then the developed model was validated by the reported data of previous experimental study. After that, the experimental data of LBP state (such as limitation of muscle activities of LBP patients in comparison with healthy people) were applied to the model of intact spine and model of spine of LBP patients was developed. Also an experimental research was performed to study some specifics of back muscles such as reduction of cross sectional area of muscle after surgery and the data of this experimental research were applied to the model of intact spine again and model of postoperative spine was developed. After development of models of intact, LBP and postoperative spines, the results of the models were compared to each other and effects of LBP and PLS on the biomechanical function of spine were studied quantitatively.
    The results of modeling indicated that trunk strength of LBP spine decreased to 50-70%. On the other hand, PLS improved trunk strength of LBP spine and increased it to 80% of intact spine; but, it caused some spine instability and changes in muscle activities pattern specially antagonistic ones
  9. Keywords:
  10. Spine ; Stability ; Low Back Pain ; Posterior Lumbar Surgery ; Biomechanical Modeling

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