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Sustainable Transportation Policy Evaluation Using World Cities Experiences

Haghshenas, Hossein | 2013

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  1. Type of Document: Ph.D. Dissertation
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 44364 (09)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Civil Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Vazairi, Manouchehr
  7. Abstract:
  8. Sustainable transportation is a system that allows the basic access needs of individuals and societies to be met safely and in a manner consistent with human and ecosystem health, and is affordable with equity within and between generations. The current research of sustainable transportation uses environmental, economic, social and transportation variables of various world cities. The study database was developed based on global urban transportation databases covering numerous cities for 4 decades for period of 1960 to 2001, Furthermore 3 decades of pertinent variables for Iranian cities of Isfahan, Tehran and Mashhad. Firstly sustainable transportation indicators were developed by reviewing past researches, factor and correlation analyses. Three indicators in each groups of environmental, economic and social were developed. Then composite index was also suggested by combination of the 9 indicators. According to composite index various cities were compared. Some important factors affecting urban transportation sustainability were determined by investigate relations between composite index and cities characteristics. The key result is the importance of public and non-motorized transportation in sustainability. Then, a system dynamic model was developed, using pertinent data for a number of world cities, in order to analyze and appraise urban transportation sustainability. The modeling objective was to determine efficacious policies for sustainable transportation. To develop the pertinent urban dynamic model, urban transportation causal loops were conceptualized and the dynamic relations between urban transportation variables were created. Trip generation, modal share, transportation supply and equilibrium between supply and demand were the key modules of the model. Economic, social and environmental indicators were the key outputs of the model. The dynamic model inputs were urban characteristics relevant to transportation. The dynamic model testing and evaluation were found satisfactory using time-series data. For Iranian cities of Isfahan, Tehran and Mashhad, by monitoring the sustainable transportation indicators using different development scenarios, efficacious transportation policies were determined and evaluated. The model deployment reflected priority of different policies for different city. For Isfahan mass transit network development, For Tehran reducing travel distance, and For Mashhad control of cities border were the most important policies. Transportation policies combination could improve all indicators significantly
  9. Keywords:
  10. Sustainable Transportation ; Transit ; Indicators ; System Dynamic Model ; Transportation Policies ; World Cities

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