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Osmotic Power Plant Design

Ansari, Abolfazl | 2013

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 44524 (08)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Mechanical Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Abbaspour, Majid; Mozafari, Ali Asghar
  7. Abstract:
  8. Research for renewable energy has grown considerably over the last years. Osmotic energy is a form of renewable energy which is not yet used at commercial scale, but have a large potential to used at commercial scale soon. Osmotic power is a technique that converts the difference of molar free energy between fresh water and salt water into electricity. Pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) is the most frequently studied process of osmotic energy. In PRO two solutions of different salinities are brought into contact by a semipermeable membrane that only allows the transport of water and retain the solute. Positive developments in recent years initiated new studies to the exploitation of osmotic power at laboratory scale. These studies shows that osmotic power is a promising source of renewable energy in future. Rivers that discharge into the sea have good ability to use this potential. Larger difference in solute concentration, more energy could be produced and larger availability of water more energy could be produced. These two requirement are met at boundaries of river and salt water. Iran also has many river to discharge to the sea like Persian Gulf and Caspian sea. In this thesis after evaluation all rivers that discharge to the sea, Bahmanshir is selected for analysis this form of renewable of energy in iran. Intake and outfall system, Pretreatment facility, Membrane Stacks, transportation and production systems are the main infrastructure of this power plant. After describe and design all main infrastructure of osmotic power plant, three case studies are conducted 25MW, 5MW and 1MW. In order to obtain the net energy production and total costs of the power plants, the power plant should be dimensioned. Therefore in the case studies, the dimensions and energy consumption of the main infrastructure are determined. The net energy production and total capital costs of the power plants are used to obtain the energy unit rate. However, the revenues and investments over the lifespan of the power plants will result in high energy unit rates. The high energy unit rates are mainly due to the intake and outfall and pre-treatment systems. Moreover ineffective membranes and the high membrane price ensured that the production of osmotic power was not feasible for a long time
  9. Keywords:
  10. Semi-Permeable Membrane ; Osmotic Power Plant ; Pressure Retarded Osmosis (PRO) ; Bahmanshir River

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