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Modeling of Urban Air Pollutants Dispersion

Moradpour, Mrayam | 2013

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 44722 (08)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Mechanical Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Farhanieh, Bijan
  7. Abstract:
  8. Air pollution is lateral and inappropriate product of industry and technology development that grows along them, unfortunately. Now its domain extended from local and national issues to global issues. For years like other branches of environmental sciences and other scientific fields, scientists apply formulas and mathematical equations. Nowadays, air pollution modeling is fundamental and powerful tool for air pollution studies, especially in prediction of air pollution conditions, pollutants emission and their concentration under different conditions and arbitrary locations. In this research, numerical modeling of urban air pollutants dispersion is discussed. After validation of results, some problems are defined hypothetically and simulated. In the first problem, crossroads are considered and ratio of buildings height in the crossroads vicinity to street width is changed. Finding that increasing this ratio causes pollutants concentration and their propagation region at perpendicular direction to wind direction increase. In the next problem, one main street with five lanes at its besides is considered. At first, island heat effect is studied. Results show due to this effect, pollutants are transported from below layer to upper layer and their concentration increased. Then, atmospheric stability is studied by two methods. In the first method, different temperature profiles at the computational domain inlet are considered and subsequently, power of inlet velocity profile is changed. Results show second method is more appropriate method for considering atmospheric stability in urban scales. Finally, photochemical cycle of Nitrogen Oxides is introduced and in addition to pollutant sources in the street, chemical reactions are simulated
  9. Keywords:
  10. Numerical Modeling ; Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) ; Pollutants Dispersion ; Island Heat ; Atmospheric Stability

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