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- Type of Document: Ph.D. Dissertation
- Language: Farsi
- Document No: 46254 (42)
- University: Sharif University of Technology
- Department: Philosophy of Science
- Advisor(s): Golshani, Mehdi
- Abstract:
- Isn’t our universe ,which includes everything that is causally connected to us, a tiny and negligible part of wider and diverse “multiple universes”? Although the multiverse idea has been considered by scientists recently, it had been discussed by philosophers and theologians in the past.
Many of our physical theories,whether being accepted like General Relativity, or speculative like string theory, lead naturally to the multiverse idea .The idea of multiverse is also brought forth to take care of the fine tuning observed in cosmology, in connection with the so – called anthropic principle.
This idea appeared in order to answer to some problems of quantum mechanics, string theory and cosmology ,with completely different origins. So, it is not a theory by itself ,but rather the result of some physical theories. Therefore ,we have different grounds for the idea of multiverse.
In science ,we are always dealing with some criteria ,in order to evaluate theories for accepting or rejecting them as scientific theories. Despite the fact that all of these criteria are favorable, it happens that sometimes they are not all satisfied to the same degree, and so we have to choose among them. Unobservability and untestability of multiple worlds existing in the multiverse poses the question of whether multiverse can satisfy the prevalent criteria of science ? Although some consistent tests for some multiverse proposals has been proposed , it is very difficult to show that they are convincing . It seems this belief can only be justified through philosophical considerations, rather than empirical data.
In this thesis I am going to analyze physical basics of appearance of the multiverse idea and discuss about its different types, and how it can be considered scientific ? In addition, I am going to study the possibility of existence of other real or contingent universes, except our world, among philosophers, and religious scholars (especially Muslims) . I am also going to discuss about the relation between multiverse and Anthropic principle, and I shall conclude that multiverse idea cannot solve the fine tuning problem , but retard it by one level .
- Keywords:
- Universe ; Demarcation Criteria ; Multiverse Theory ; Anthropic Principle ; Fine Tuning
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