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- Type of Document: Ph.D. Dissertation
- Language: Farsi
- Document No: 47583 (42)
- University: Sharif University of Technology
- Department: Philosophy of Science
- Advisor(s): Golshani, Mehdi
- Abstract:
- The term “scientific naturalism” is the invention of Thomas H. Huxley. He used it to describe a philosophical outlook that shunned the supernatural and adopted empirical science as the only reliable basis of knowledge about the physical, social, and moral worlds. Recent decades have witnessed a flurry of philosophical activity in the name of naturalism. Most contemporary philosophers identify themselves as naturalist, and much recent work in philosophy can be seen as part of general trend toward conducting philosophical inquiry under the umbrella of naturalistic assumptions. Today the label “naturalism” refers to a particular worldview. Nevertheless, naturalism is not a clearly defined philosophical position. There are two basic, but general, characteristics that seem to shape the heart of naturalism: (1) scientism, and (2) avoiding supernatural. Naturalists consider science as the primary source of reliable knowledge about reality. Science, according to naturalism, has shown to be the most successful strategy for understanding the structure of our world and its causal interactions. Furthermore, Naturalism, particularly in the current century, is defined in opposition to supernaturalism. This opposition is at the heart of most definitions and arguments related to naturalism. We consider these two characteristics in the form of five theses. We aim to show that naturalist’s position (about these five theses) is not justifiable
- Keywords:
- Naturalism ; Ontological Naturalism ; Methodological Naturalism ; Science Metaphysics ; Super-Naturatism
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