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Development of Integrated Model of the Wastewater and Organic Solid Waste Flows to Minimize Environmental Impacts and Maximize Energy Recovery for a Residential Building

Hadi, Hamid | 2015

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 48147 (46)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Energy Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Avami, Akram
  7. Abstract:
  8. Nowdays much of the organic solid waste and wastewater is buried using centralized and traditional methods. This leads to many problems, including groundwater pollution, methane emissions into the atmosphere and rapid transmission of disease. In order to avoid these problems, using a decentralized approach can be a good solution. In this study, recovery of organic waste and wastewater of residential buildings using anaerobic digester as a decentralized way, have been examined. Using experiments, the optimum mass ratio of organic solid waste and wastewater is obtained as 80% and 20% respectively. Biogas production model is developed using mass balance and Balance of electrons in redox reactions. Daily biogas production has been evaluated in three different scenarios. In the first scenario, biogas from the waste stream of 100 households is fed into a molten carbonate fuel cell cycle. The power produced by this scenario is 8.63 KW with levelized unit cost of 24 cents per KWh. In the second scenario, biogas from the waste stream of 100 households is fed into a microturbine cycle. The power produced by the second scenario is 5.28 KW with levelized unit cost of 11 cents per KWh. In the last scenario, biogas from the waste stream of 10 households is used as an auxiliary source of a solar water heating system. By evaluating this scenario, the biogas produced has the ability to meet all the auxiliary heating needed in spring and summer, but in autumn and winter, it could provide 71.4% and 50.6% of auxiliary heating respectively. The levelized unit cost of energy in this scenario has been achieved 6 cents per KWh. The results of this study show that using anaerobic digester in residential buildings, in addition to reducing the volume of waste stream, could provide part of the energy needs of the buildings. Also in line with the objectives of sustainable development, the use of anaerobic digesters in buildings could make it easier to achieve zero energy buildings and zero waste buildings
  9. Keywords:
  10. Biogas ; Solar Water Heater ; Microturbine ; Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell ; Anaerobic Digestion ; Organic Wastes ; Energy Regeneration

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