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Mind-Body Problem from Wittgenstein’s Perspective

Karimi, Ahmad | 2016

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 48440 (42)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Philosophy of Science
  6. Advisor(s): Hojjat, Mino
  7. Abstract:
  8. To provide a stable foundation for human knowledge Descartes presumed that human being is composed of two distinct substances, the mind and the body. But, the solution through which he wanted to explain the correlation between these substances, was not accepted by other philosophers, and thereafter this problem was known as mind-body problem. This problem arises some other philosophical problems including solipsism and the problem of other minds. In this thesis, considering the grammar of such words like memory, understanding, and thinking I will show that having an exact description of these concepts we would be able to escape from these inclination to seek something behind these words, and regarding the fact that they are not inner processes or mental pictures, these words indeed cannot take us to a mysterious and closed space called mind. In this way, I try to show that this problem like other philosophical problems can also be arisen due to the misuse of the words. Furthermore, by considering the private language argument I will show that the meaning of words are not private objects, only accessible for man (someone). In addition, regarding the asymmetry between first and third person, I would try to find a solution for the problem of other minds. In fact, the first person statements are expressions, whereas the third person statements are descriptions. Some believe that Wittgenstein is materialist or behaviorist. In this thesis I try to show similarities and differences between his ideas and usual theories in these areas, and by presenting the grammar of mind and body, I would try to provide the differences between Wittgenstein’s opinions and Cartesian notions about them
  9. Keywords:
  10. Memory ; Physicalism ; Mind-Body Problem ; Thinking ; Private Language ; Other Minds Problem

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