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A facile particulate sol–gel route to synthesize nanostructured CoTiO3 thin films and powders and their characteristics

Mohammadi, A ; Sharif University of Technology | 2015

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  1. Type of Document: Article
  2. DOI: 10.1007/s10854-015-3059-3
  3. Publisher: Springer New York LLC , 2015
  4. Abstract:
  5. Nanostructured CoTiO3 thin films and powders were prepared by a straightforward aqueous particulate sol–gel route. Titanium(IV) isopropoxide and cobalt chloride were used as titanium and cobalt precursors, respectively. Also, hydroxypropyl cellulose was used as a polymeric fugitive agent in order to increase the specific surface area. The effect of Co:Ti molar ratio and annealing temperature were studied on the crystallization behavior and chemical properties of the products. X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed that the powders crystallized at the low annealing temperature of 300 °C for 1 h, containing anatase-TiO2, rutile-TiO2, CoTiO3 and Co3O4 phases, depending on annealing temperature and Co:Ti molar ratio. Furthermore, TiO2 transformation from anatase to rutile phase occurred at 500 °C. The activation energy of crystallite growth was calculated in the range of 3.1–8.5 kJ/mol. Simultaneous differential thermal analysis showed that the final annealing temperature to obtain organic-free cobalt titanate powders could be determined at 560 °C. Field emission scanning electron microscope analysis revealed that the deposited thin films had crystallite and nanostructured morphology with the average grain size in the range 22–32 nm at 500 °C. Atomic force microscopy illustrated 2D and 3D topographies of thin films annealed at 500 °C for 1 h showed that the deposited films had homogeneous, rough structure with nanosized grains
  6. Keywords:
  7. Activation energy ; Annealing ; Atomic force microscopy ; Chlorine compounds ; Cobalt ; Crystallite size ; Crystallites ; Crystallization ; Differential thermal analysis ; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ; Oxide minerals ; Powders ; Scanning electron microscopy ; Sols ; Thermoanalysis ; Thin films ; Titanium ; Titanium dioxide ; X ray diffraction ; Annealing temperatures ; Average grain size ; Cobalt precursors ; Crystallite growth ; Crystallization behavior ; Field emission scanning electron microscopes ; Hydroxypropyl cellulose ; Nanostructured morphology ; X ray powder diffraction
  8. Source: Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics ; Volume 26, Issue 7 , July , 2015 , Pages 5243-5253 ; 09574522 (ISSN)
  9. URL: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10854-015-3059-3