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Design and Construction of a 100 We Solar Dish Stirling and Evaluation for the Regional Conditions of Tehran

Reshad, Ali | 2016

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 48956 (46)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Energy Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Boroushaki, Mehrdad; Sattari, Sorena; Hooshang, Mazdak
  7. Abstract:
  8. Dish-stirling system with an efficiency of nearly 30% is the most efficient technology among solar energy technologies. This system includes four main parts; Parabolic dish, solar tracker, receiver and Stirling engine and generator. In this system, first parabolic dish concentrates sun rays on its focus. A receiver is put on the focus to receive the heat radiated from dish. This receiver transfers the heat to a Stirling engine. In Stirling engine, expansion and contraction of gas helps piston to move and finally rotational mechanical work is done. With coupling a generator and Stirling engine we can generate electricity. Also for keeping the focus of sun rays on receiver we should have sun tracker.In this project, in the first step a dish-stirling system with an output of 100 We was designed. Stirling engine was designed with a software named Nlog. This software is developed by project consultant Mr.Hooshang. According to his validation, error of Nlog for cycle work is less than 18%. Engine type is Gamma that works between two hot and cold part . Respectively their temperatures are 350 ˙C and 50 ˙C. Regenerator includes copper washers that is located on the way of hot and cold stream. For Stirling engine we need enough area between cold and hot part. Typically for creation of this area some tubes and fins are used. In this project we have a new idea that for minimizing the volume of engine we set the stream of gas into body of cylinder. Diameter of piston is 65 mm and diameter of diplacer is 130 mm.Parabolic dish of this project is without any cutting, namely, weight of engine is set on parabolic dish construction. Maximum concentration ratio theoretically occurs when rim angle is 45˙. Larger concentration ratio results smaller diameter of receiver that it reduces thermal losses. In this rim angle, the ratio of focal distance and aperture diameter is 0.6. Result of calculations was a dish with a diameter of 2 meters and focal distance of 1.2 meters.After doing different test and modifying system, unfortunately the system didn’t work and we were not able to get the data of system. So, only parabolic dish was tested and its specifications were extracted. According to test data efficiency of dish was 72.9%. Also the largest temperature of receiver were 544 ˙C. Concentration ratio of dish was 93.8
  9. Keywords:
  10. Solar Energy ; Receivers ; Regenerator ; Dish/Stirling System ; Stirling Heat Engine ; Parabolic Dish Concentrator ; Solar Tracker ; Gamma Stirling Engine

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