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Instrumentation development for an array of water cherenkov detectors for extensive air shower experiments

Sheidaei, F ; Sharif University of Technology | 2009

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  1. Type of Document: Article
  2. DOI: 10.1088/0954-3899/36/11/115201
  3. Publisher: 2009
  4. Abstract:
  5. A new small array of Cherenkov detectors has been deployed in Tehran, 1200 m above sea level. This array contains four tanks of distilled water with a diameter of 64 cm and a height of 130 cm. The effective area of each tank is about 1382 cm2. They are used to detect air showers and to record the arrival time of the secondary particles. We have collected about 640 000 extensive air showers (EAS) in 8298 h of observation time from November 2006 to October 2007. The distribution of air showers in zenith and azimuth angles has been studied and a cosn distribution with n = 6.02 0.01 was obtained for the zenith angle distribution. An asymmetry has been observed in the azimuthal distribution of EAS of cosmic rays due to geomagnetic field. The first and second amplitudes of the asymmetry are AI = 0.183 0.001 and AII = 0.038 0.001. Since the recent results are in good agreement with our previous results of scintillation detectors, and tanks of distilled water are cheaper, we prefer to use them instead of scintillators in a future larger array. By simulation, we have improved the size of the detectors to yield the highest efficiency. The best dimensions for each tank with a photomultiplier tube in the center of its lid are 40 cm in diameter and 60 cm in height. © 2009 IOP Publishing Ltd
  6. Keywords:
  7. Cosmology ; Cosmic rays ; Shower array
  8. Source: Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics ; Volume 36, Issue 11 , 2009 ; 09543899 (ISSN)
  9. URL: https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0954-3899/36/11/115201