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A Nested Logit analysis of the influence of distraction on types of vehicle crashes

Razi Ardakani, H ; Sharif University of Technology | 2018

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  1. Type of Document: Article
  2. DOI: 10.1186/s12544-018-0316-6
  3. Publisher: Springer Verlag , 2018
  4. Abstract:
  5. Purpose: This work aims to study factors, such as driver characteristics, environmental conditions, and vehicle characteristics, that affect different crash types with a special focus on distraction parameters. For this purpose, distraction factors are divided into five groups: cellphone usage, cognitive distractions, passengers distracting the driver, outside events attracting the driver’s attention, and in-vehicle activities. Methods: Taking the crashes that occurred in the USA into account, the crash types are divided into two main groups, single-vehicle crashes and two-vehicle crashes. Since there were different crash types (alternatives) in the dataset and the probable correlation in the unobserved error term, the Nested Logit model is developed. Results: The results of model illustrate that all of the aforementioned distraction-related factors increase the probability of run-off-road crashes, collision with a fixed object, and rear-end crashes. Cognitive distraction increases the probability of collision with a pedestrian. Distractions caused by passengers or out-of-vehicle events increase the probability of sideswipe crashes. Conclusion: By examining how a factor affects multiple crash type outcomes, it is possible to devise countermeasures, improvements to roadway geometry, and traffic control strategies, while minimizing unintended consequences. The results should be of value in the design of educational programs and propose road safety improvement techniques. © 2018, The Author(s)
  6. Keywords:
  7. Crash types ; Distraction ; Nested logit model ; Single-vehicle crashes ; Two-vehicle crashes ; Highway accidents ; Motor transportation ; Probability ; Roads and streets ; Street traffic control ; Crash type ; Environmental conditions ; Probability of collisions ; Unintended consequences ; Vehicle characteristics ; Vehicle crashes ; Off road vehicles
  8. Source: European Transport Research Review ; Volume 10, Issue 2 , 2018 ; 18670717 (ISSN)
  9. URL: https://etrr.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s12544-018-0316-6