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Analysis of Genes Regulating Beta Cells Cell Cycle

Saraei, Tannaz | 2018

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 51456 (19)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Computer Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Motahari, Abolfazl
  7. Abstract:
  8. Diabetes mellitus is a group of disorders where the level of blood sugar remains high for a long period of time. This increase may be due to either reduced insulin secretion from the pancreatic gland, or insulin resistance, or both. Another key reason is the destruction of beta cells due to functional defect in the body’s immune system. Current treatments include controlling diet, insulin injection and pancreatic transplantation, all of which are temporary. For this reason, finding genetic factors participating in the progression of the disease and adapting treatments to these factors are under intensive studies.In this thesis, available information resources including genomic, biological pathways and gene expression datasets are analyzed to deepen our understanding of the blood glucose regulation mechanism and to discover the effective genetic factors. In particular,we study the cell cycle and its regulatory mechanism to study changes in the levels of genes expressions. In fact, we are going to examine which ”internal” factors of the cell cycle cause the cell to replicate less? Simply, we are looking for ”genes that express more in non-digitized specimens and are not related to cell function.” These genes can be candidates for cell proliferation.Looking at gene expressions datasets from two different platforms, two approaches are considered for analysis. In the first approach, data from microarray and RNA-Seq platforms are gathered and analyzed. The low level of p-values and incapability of clustering the datasets with principal component analysis indicate that this approach is not satisfactory and hence cannot recover any information. In the second approach, a bayesian approach is taken where without combining the two platforms decisions from one platforms are passed to the second one where the decisions are updated. The new decision is then feedback to the first one to iterate the whole procedure. According to the results obtained from this method, a set of candidate genes are obtained where through pathway analysis shows a significant relation with cell proliferation
  9. Keywords:
  10. Diabetes ; Gene Expression Data ; Cell Cycle Regulator ; Beta Cell

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