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Recognition of Dust Sources of Lake Urmia Basin (Remote Sensing) and its Relationship with Climate and Meteorological Parameters

Ramezanpoor, Reyhaneh | 2018

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 52096 (09)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Civil Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Moghim, Sanaz
  7. Abstract:
  8. Lake Urmia, the largest domestic lake in Iran due to climate change and lack of attention to sustainable development in the past two decades, has lost a significant part of its area. The contaminated bed of dried lakes is one of the main centers of dust generation.These materials are transported along with the wind to distant areas and have an irreversible impact on human health and the environment, so it is very important to determine the sources of dust production on the lake of Urmia to reduce the adverse effects of it.In this study, after determining the arid areas in the Lake Urmia basin using the Angstrom Exponent (AE) and the Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD), an index has been introduced in order to identify desert areas without simultaneous use of two factors have been introduced. It should be noted that for the desert particles, the index is about 1.The average temperature in the region between 2013 and 2017 has increased from 2008 to 2012, and this increase is significant in all areas except the Southwest. As the temperature rises, the number of dry days increases and as a result, the number of suspended particles in the air increases.Despite the downward trend in precipitation over the years 2013 through 2017, the average rainfall in this period has not changed significantly between 2008 and 2012, and there is also a slight increase in precipitation in the southwestern region. Due to the region's drying, the rate of evaporation has increased in all areas except the southwest, and the moisture content in the west of the lake, which is less dried, is greater than its east. As a result, in the southwest, the main factor in reducing the water level is human factors, and the dryness trend in other areas is exacerbated by natural factors.Due to the increase in temperature in the region, the average geopotential height increased during the studied period and the amount of energy received by the earth was reduced due to the reduction of water volume in the region, and in some cases dust particles prevented the energy from reaching the atmosphere. It should be noted that the average amount of albedo of the region, especially in the northeast, has increased due to the decrease in the water zone. Among the above parameters, the amount of dust particles has the most directly relation to the energy received by the earth and the evaporation rate and the most inverse relation with the amount of precipitation
  9. Keywords:
  10. Climate Change ; Urmia Lake Subbasin ; Dust Sources ; Remote Sensing ; Dust Identification Index ; Angstrom Exponent (AE) ; Aerosol Optical Depth ; Hydro-Climate Parameters

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