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Wind Turbine Power Chain and Yaw Angle Control for Power Regulation and Load Reduction

Alinoori, Pouya | 2020

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 52921 (08)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Mechanical Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Zohoor, Hassan; Moradi, Hamed
  7. Abstract:
  8. Sustainable energy is an important and necessary subject. A significant number of studies address the increasing energy production ratio per its cost. To this end, first of all we should increase the energy production. Second, damage and costs of production, set up and maintenance must be reduced. Control is one of the most important and effective tools in the way of achieving these purposes. The problem of controlling a wind turbine is generally divided into two sections of controlling the power chain and yaw control. In this research, both subjects have been investigated.Since there are some problems in measuring the wind speed, controlling the power chain requires prediction of the wind speed. In this level, using a combined estimation based on the Kalman filter, an appropriate estimation of state variables and wind speed is obtained. These estimations are employed in the structure of the controllers and also obtaining the reference signal in each area. In low wind speed, using the generator torque actuator one can modify the rotor speed to an optimized value by fixing the pitch angle of the blades in their optimized state. For this purpose, three control approaches including MPPT, feedback linearization and sliding mode are employed. For the third one, a simple proportional control suffices the problem. Our main challenge in CPC control at this level, is to obtain the reference signal which is precisely determined by a new estimation method.Another considerable actuators of wind turbine that is less investigated in the recent studies, is the yaw actuator of the system. As this system is slow and variation of the angle of wind speed is fast, data of the future of wind has a great order of magnitude of importance for controlling this angle. Proper control of the yaw angle which leads to reduction of the deviation of this angle with respect to the wind angle, modifies the attaining of energy and structural loads, simultaneously. The only constraint of this type of control is to prevent increase in yaw system activity. At the beginning, conventional yaw control methods of which are based on immediate wind speed measurements might be at the center of attention. Indeed, to reduce noise in this method, one must use the mean value of the data of past seconds. Such methods do not proper performance due to the existing delay. Hence, in the following, by implementing the data of the next 60 seconds of wind into the pre-determined conventional yaw control algorithm, it can be seen that the performance of the controller is modified. Finally, using a prediction model control, the limited input of this performance is optimized by the data of the future of wind. Whereas, the prediction horizon in this control is considered to be 30 seconds which denotes that this control is the best choice for this system
  9. Keywords:
  10. Model Predictive Control ; Wind Turbine ; Yaw Angle Control ; Power Chain Control ; Speed Estimation

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