• Dedication
• Foreword
• Acknowledgments
• Contents
• About the Editors
• Contributors
• Part I Introduction: Fraud and Corruption
  • Introduction: Overview of Major Types of Fraud and Corruption
    • Introduction
    • Public Corruption Initiatives
    • Types of Corruption Investigated by the FBI Initiative
      • Prison Corruption
      • Border Corruption
      • Corruption Relating to Elections
      • Corruption in the Corporate World
      • Globalization of Corruption
      • International Corruption
    • Fraud
    • Difference between Fraud and Corruption
    • Types of Fraud
    • Amount of Fraud
    • Targeting Individuals and Groups
    • Elderly Victims of Fraud
    • Identity Theft
    • Amount of Identity Theft
    • Summary
    • References
  • Fraud and Corruption: A European Perspective
    • Introduction
    • Relationship of Corruption, Terrorism, Organized Crime, and White-Collar Crime
    • Corruption, Organized Crime, White-Collar Crime, and Fraud
    • Definition of Corruption
    • Types of Corruption
      • Systemic Corruption
      • Individual Corruption
    • Terrorism and Corruption
    • Combatting Terrorism and Organized Crime
    • The Corruption Perception Index of Transparency International: 2016
    • Definition and Dimensions of Organized Crime
    • Fields of Organized Crime
    • Definition of White-Collar Crime and Fraud
    • Austrian Definition of White-Collar Crime
    • Crime against Payment Systems
      • Fraud in Opening Bank Accounts
      • Fraud through Mediation: “Ghost Money Operations”
      • Fraud through False or Stolen Securities
      • Fraud through Checks, Check Cards, and Credit Cards
      • Fraud Using Debit Card Machines: Bankomats
      • Fraud with Credit Cards
      • Counterfeiting Banknotes and Photocopied Money
      • Falsification of Documents and Identity Cards
      • Money Laundering
      • Computer Crime and Telemarketing Crime
    • Summary
    • References
  • Convenience Theory on Crime in the Corporate Sector
    • Introduction
    • Convenience Orientation
    • Desire for Profits
    • Organizational Opportunity
    • Deviant Behavior
    • References
  • Identifying and Preventing Gray Corruption in Australian Politics
    • Introduction
    • Gray Corruption
    • The Australian Context
    • Gray Corruption Cases
      • Misuse of Politicians’ Expense Accounts
      • Wasteful Expenditures and Pork Barreling
      • Gifts and Benefits
      • Lies and False Promises
      • Cronyism and Nepotism
      • Political Donations and Undue Influence
    • Addressing the Problem: Ways Forward
    • Summary
    • References
      • Legal Cases
  • Fraud and Fraudulent Business Practices Related to the East Japan Earthquake
    • Disasters Caused by the East Japan Earthquake on March 11, 2011
    • Police Activities Soon after the Disasters
    • Warning against Fraud Soon after the East Japan Earthquake
    • Fraud Soon after the East Japan Earthquake
      • Fraud Related to Collection of Donation for Those Suffering Damage
        • Fraud Related to Repair of Damaged Homes
      • Fraud about the Sale of Goods
        • Fraud Related to Activity by Fake Medical Doctors
      • Embezzlement of Relief Supplies
    • Fraud by Solicitation to Fund Fake Investments
    • Fraud by Taking Advantage of Support Systems for Sufferers
    • Fraud Related to Simplified Procedures to Receive a Subsidy
      • Fraud against Support Systems for Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises
    • Remittance Fraud
    • Fraud by Members of Boryokudan (Japanese Gangsters’ Group)
      • Fraud Committed by Boryokudan Members after the East Japan Earthquake
      • Fraud Committed by a Boryokudan Member at Damaged Places
      • Fraud to Exploit Companies
      • Scandal of Infinity
      • Scandal of a Company to Produce PET Bottles of Mineral Water
      • Scandal of an Organization Supporting Regional Development in Tokyo
      • Scandal of the Support Association for Sufferers of the East Japan Earthquake and Nuclear Disaster in Tokyo
      • Scandal of Fujihisa Construction Company in Ishinomaki City in Miyagi
      • Scandal of Techno-Labo Company in Ibaraki Prefecture
      • Scandal of BGB Company in Osaka City
      • Scandal of Ando-Hazama Construction Company
    • Exposure of Bid-Rigging
      • Bid-Rigging by 30 Civil Engineering and Constructing Companies in Chiba
      • Bid-Rigging by Companies to Construct an Agricultural House
      • Bid-Rigging by Road Repair Companies in Tohoku District
      • Bid-Rigging by a Road Repair Company in Kanto District
    • Bid-Rigging by Major Construction Companies
    • Summary
    • References
  • Fraud and Corruption in the Healthcare Sector in the United States
    • Introduction: Fraud
    • Medical Insurance Fraud
    • Social Security Disability Program
    • Workers’ Compensation Insurance
    • Fraud Committed by Suppliers of Health Services
    • Fraud by Healthcare Providers
    • Investigation and Prosecution of Fraud in Healthcare and Other Social Security Programs
    • Prosecution of Healthcare/Workers Compensation Fraudsters
    • Summary
    • References
  • Corruption and Fraud in Policing
    • Introduction
    • History of Corruption in NYPD
    • Importance of Police Culture
    • Typical Treatment of Newly Exposed Corruption
    • Police Agency Treatment of Whistleblowers
    • What can Be Done?
    • Summary
    • References
  • Fraud and Corruption in Times of Disaster
    • Introduction
    • Fraud, Corruption, and Organized Crime during Economic Depression and Political Instability
    • Terrorism, Organized Crime, Fraud, and Corruption Relating to Disasters
    • Common Types of Fraud/Corruption during and after Disasters
    • Fraud in the Financial Enterprise
    • Insurance Fraud (Health, Home, Life)
    • Identity Impersonation and Identity Theft
    • Prevention of Fraud Relating to Disasters
    • Legislation
    • Preventing Fraud during and after Natural Disasters
    • Summary
    • References
• Part II Introduction: Methods to Prevent Fraud and Corruption
  • Fraud and Corruption in the Insurance Industry: An Austrian Perspective
    • Introduction
      • Basics of Insurance
    • Insurance Fraud
      • Legal Provisions against Insurance Fraud in Austria
    • Understanding the Psychological Aspect of Insurance Fraud Motivation
      • Organization of the Insurance Business in Austria
      • Dimensions of Insurance Fraud in Austria
      • Types of Crime Affecting Private Insurance Industry
      • Types of Insurance Fraud in Austria
      • Profile of the Offenders
    • Fight Against Insurance Fraud
      • Indicators of Insurance Fraud
      • Methods to Recognize Fraud
      • Strategies of Insurance Companies
      • Central Information Bureau (ZIS)
      • Strategies of Police
    • Methods of Prevention
      • The Public Image of the Insurance Industry
      • Involving the Public in the Prevention of Insurance Fraud
    • Innovations for the Prevention of Fraud
    • The Traditional Approach to Preventing Fraud
    • Summary: A Need for International Co-Operation
    • References
  • Challenges in Controlling, Combating, and Preventing Corruption in Developing Countries
    • Introduction
    • Corruption Conceptualization in Developing Countries
      • Principal-Agent explanation of Corruption in Developing Countries
      • Patron-Client Explanation of Corruption in Developing Countries
    • Political Will to Combat Corruption in Developing Countries
      • Political Will
      • Characteristics of Political Will in Developing Countries
      • Regime Type and Political Will
      • Indicators of Political Will
      • Challenges in the Realization of Anti-corruption Political Will
    • Challenges in Combating Corruption in Developing Countries
    • Corruption Prevention
      • Citizens Accept Corruption as a Necessary Evil and They Adapt to It
    • International Organizations and Corruption Prevention Projects
    • Conclusion
    • References
  • Fraud Examiners in Private Investigations of White-Collar Crime
    • Introduction
    • Private Internal Investigations
    • Reasons for Private Investigations
    • Private Fraud Examinations
    • Financial Crime Specialists
    • Certified Fraud Examiners
    • Police Versus Internal Investigations
    • Investigative Thinking Styles
    • Evaluation of Investigations
    • References
  • Combating Political Corruption: The Case of Armenia in the Context of the United Nations Convention Against Corruption
    • Introduction
      • Methodology
      • Corruption in Armenia
      • Key Actors for Anti-corruption Activities
      • Civil Society in Armenia
    • Limitations Hindering Civil Society’s Participation in the Implementation of the UNCAC
    • Article 9 Public Procurement and Management of Public Finances
    • Article 20 Illicit Enrichment
      • Article 26 Liability of Legal Persons
    • Article 33 Protection of Reporting People (Whistle-Blowers)
    • Conclusion
    • Notes and References
    • References
  • Systemic Corruption: Weapons of the  Twenty-First Century, Organized Crime and the Mafia
    • Introduction
    • Systemic Corruption
    • Countering Corruption
    • Corruption in the European Union and Italy
    • Summary
    • References
  • Perspectives on Fraud and Corruption in the Future
    • Introduction
    • Political Corruption
    • Changes in the Perception of Corruption
    • Political Corruption During Times of Change and Crisis
    • Fraud and Corruption Relating to the Financial, Corporate Sector
    • Definition of Fraud
    • Fraud and Corruption in the Construction and Building Trades
    • Fraud and Corruption: Prospects for the Future
    • Methods to Prevent and Control Fraud and Corruption
    • Summary
    • References
• Index

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