The Hidden Impact of Iran-Iraq War during Fetal Stage on Educational Attainment

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Mohammadi, Arman | 2020

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Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
Language: Farsi
Document No: 53074 (44)
University: Sharif University of Technology
Department: Management and Economics
Advisor(s): Vesal, Mohammad
Abstract:
The Iran-Iraq war between 1980 to 1988 involved Iran's western borders and inflicted heavy casualties. This war was also spread to the central provinces of Iran in several periods as a result of Iraqi missile attacks, known as the War of Cities. The attacks were mainly intended to intimidate people, leaving relatively few deaths and injuries. In this study, we seek to estimate part of the hidden and long run impacts of these attacks. Using a two-percent sample of Iran’s 1990 census and the information of the location and timing of missile attacks, and by incorporating the difference in difference method, we estimate the causal impact of missile attacks on the years of education of those who were affected by the attacks in their fetal stag. Comparing the difference between years of education in adulthood for those who were in their fetal stage during attacks and those in other age groups, in safe and under attack cities, it is found that the former group study for about 0.2 years less than others. This result also indicates the role of mental health of pregnant mothers in the accumulation of human capital in the long run
Keywords:
Educational Attainment ; Human Captial ; Fetal Stage ; Pregnatal Care ; Iran-Iraq War

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