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Divine Action in Nature; Special Study of the Relationship between God and Man, Regarding the Foundations of Cognitive Science

Darvish Aghajani, Javad | 2020

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  1. Type of Document: Ph.D. Dissertation
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 53198 (42)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Philosophy of Science
  6. Advisor(s): Hosseini, Hassan; Azadegan, Ebrahim
  7. Abstract:
  8. The problem of the divine actin in nature in its traditional form has been raised as the relation between the entities which have origination and eternal entities. However, the new form of this problem is how the divine action would be compatible with the basic assumptions of naturalism and physicalism, especially causal closure. In the present dissertation, two approaches in this issue are examined. First one is a metaphysical perspective and tries to explain the divine action through the laws of nature. The second approach is a science-based perspective and tries to solve the problem through physical indeterminations, especially in quantum mechanics. I advocate the first approach, with particular regard to dispositionalism and the essentialist view of the laws of nature. According to the final purpose of the dissertation, which is to explain the relationship between God and human being, I use dispositional metaphysics to shed light on the nature and capabilities of human being considering the literature of cognitive science and neuroscience. Accordingly, I reject the dualistic, functionalist, and reductionist physicalist approaches on human's nature and consciousness, and try to propose a model for the relationship between God and human using dispositionalism. The model is organized by three main elements: first, neo-Sadraian theology; Second, the metaphysics of dispositionalism, using Teo Meyering's theory of multiple supervenience and Edelman's theory of consciousness; And third, resorting to the scientific method and, at the same time, rejecting the causal closure. Based on these three elements, I consider human's direct and perceptual relationship with God as a kind of phenomenal consciousness, in which human being while promotes his existence and reaches higher consciousness through the mechanism of multiple supervenience, becomes able to accept external causation
  9. Keywords:
  10. Phenomenal Consciousness ; Dispositionalism ; Nature Law ; Divine Actin in Nature ; Causal Closure ; Quantum Indeterminism ; Multiple Supervenience ; Phenomenal Consciousness

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