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Developing a Descriptive Traffic Accident Model for Urban Bus Drivers, based on Environmental, Cognitive, and Behavioral Factors of Aggressive Driving

Mohammadpour, Iman | 2020

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 53287 (09)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Civil Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Nassiri, Habibollah
  7. Abstract:
  8. Road casualty is the fourth leading cause of death in Iran after cardiovascular disease, cancer, and respiratory disease. Moreover, up to 7% of Iran’s Gross Domestic Product (- GDP) is spent annually on motor vehicle crashes’(MVCs) adverse outcomes. Recent studies have highlighted the role of anger and aggressive behaviors, while driving as two main predicters of MVCs. On the other hand, bus drivers and passengers, compared with the small number of registered buses in Iran, are more prone to fatal crashes than occupants of any other vehicles, based on the last WHO’s report. The aim of current research was to evaluate the influence of aggressive thoughts and behaviors on the road, driver’s risk perception, and driving overconfidence on numbers of active MVCs among Tehran urban bus drivers. Furthermore, the effect of social desirability bias on the relationships between variables was accounted for in this study. To this end, firstly, the necessary questionnaires were translated to Persian, and their ambiguities were modified after pilot survey. Lastly, structural equation modeling (SEM) was conducted to develop a comprehensive descriptive model to test the hypothesized relationships between variables, using main survey data. The model illustrates that social desirability has a significant negative relationship with some maladaptive thoughts and behaviors; namely, verbal, physical, revengeful, and judgmental aggressive thoughts, and verbal, and physical anger expressions on the road. While, it has a positive relationship to coping self-instructions, as an adaptive thought. Consequently, these variables are prone to socially desirable answering tendencies. Besides, number of active MVCs was positively related to traffic violations, physically anger expressions while driving, and driving overconfidence; while, some variables were indirect predictors of active MVCs, through influencing physically anger expressions while driving; namely, verbal, coping self-instructions, and judgmental aggressive thoughts on the road, level of service (traffic congestion), and social desirability. Moreover, the model reveals that the more the driver is overconfident about his driving abilities, the more he experiences judgmental, retaliatory, revengeful, and physically aggressive thoughts behind the wheel, leading to more physically anger expressions while driving, which in turn leads to a higher number of active MVCs. In addition, driving overconfidence leads to a higher reported active MVCs, through decreasing drivers’ risk perception
  9. Keywords:
  10. At-Fault Accident ; Structural Equations Modeling ; Risk Perception ; Aggressive Thoughts ; Driving Overconfidence ; Social Desirability ; Aggressive Driving

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