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Experimental Investigation of a Nnanofibrous Membrane Preparation for Dye Removal from Colored Wastewater

Hosseini, Abolhassan | 2018

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  1. Type of Document: Ph.D. Dissertation
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 53370 (06)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Chemical and Petroleum Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Vossoughi, Manouchehr; Mahmoodi, Niyaz Mohammad
  7. Abstract:
  8. In this research, an adsorptive affinity membrane has been prepared based on the combination of the nanofiber structure’s intrinsic characteristic in the dye adsorption and its membrane filtration properties. Electrospinning method has been used to prepare chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) nanofibers. The morphology and properties of the prepared nanofibrous membranes were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), image processing, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Also, the major drawback of electrospun nanofibrous membranes (ENMs) is their low mechanical resistance. So, silica and montmorillonite (MMT) nanoparticles were used as additives to improve mechanical strength and the mechanical resistance of the prepared nanocomposite nanofibrous membranes has been studied. In order to evaluate the affinity nanofibrous membranes performance in dye removal, two anionic dyes (Direct Red 80 and Direct Red 23) and a cationic dye (Basic Blue 41) were used and the effect of some parameters such as nanoparticle concentration, dye concentration in the feed flow, pH in the feed flow, number of membrane layers and time was investigated. Moreover, the recoverability and reusability of the prepared membranes were studied. The results showed that with the addition of 1.0 wt. % of nanoparticles, the Young’s modulus of the prepared membranes almost doubled. Also, the incorporation of 1.0 wt. % SiO2 and 2.0 wt. % MMT, increased the thermomechanical resistance, permeability and dye removal percentage, simultaneously. The permeability of the optimized silica and MMT nanocomposite nanofibrous membrane was 1711 and 1765 l/m2h, respectively and their dye rejection percentage was almost 95%. In addition, the prepared nanofibrous membranes were recoverable and the flux recovery ratio (FRR) and adsorption capacity recovery ratio were almost 80% and 90%, respectively. The noticeable point with the results is achieving a separation in the range of nanofilter (NF) membranes separation while permeability is in the range of microfilter (MF) membranes
  9. Keywords:
  10. Nanofibrous Membrane ; Electrospinning ; Dye Removal ; Dye Wastewater ; Silica Nanoparticles ; Montmorillonite

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