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Simulation of the Effect of Different Measures on the Amount of Water Entering the South of Lake Urmia Using the MIKE SHE Simulator Model

Motamedi Nejad, Masoud | 2021

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 53987 (09)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Civil Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Tajrishy, Masoud
  7. Abstract:
  8. Sustainable management of water resources is an important issue today, because it can play a role in achieving environmental protection and economic prosperity. Lake Urmia is a remarkable ecological system, because it includes a unique habitat with native and migratory species, maintains the temperature balance of the region, prevents the formation of dust in the region and is one of the largest Tourism and recreational destinations and a source of income for many people in the Area. However, over the past two decades, the intensification of agricultural activities, the indiscriminate use of water, and climate fluctuations have put significant pressure on it and have led to a gradual reduction in water inflow. With the gradual drying up of Lake Urmia, the second Salt Lake in the world, the phenomenon of salt storms in the past few years has created a new challenge in the region. Salt dust in various dimensions can threaten the lives of living organisms and humans living in the region and neighboring areas and have various environmental, social and political effects. In this study, by simulating different solutions proposed to reduce water consumption in the south of the basin by MIKE SHE distribution model created by JICA, we have tried to determine the effectiveness of these measures and based on the extent of these effects on runoff and groundwater production, the most appropriate scenarios in Select water to the lake. After reviewing the simulation results of three measures of deficit irrigation, change of cultivation pattern and increase of irrigation efficiency in the southern areas of the basin, it was found that out of eleven high consumption areas in the south of the basin with high cultivation area, six areas have good potential for deficit irrigation. In two regions, only increasing the irrigation efficiency is appropriate and in the remaining three regions, changing the cultivation pattern has a better response. The simulation results of the selected scenario of each region for the southern part of the catchment area of Lake Urmia, show a saving of two points three billion cubic meters of water during ten years of scenario application. Of this amount, two points fifteen billion cubic meters flow into the river and then the lake, and one hundred and fifty eight million cubic meters of that is the share of increasing aquifer reserves
  9. Keywords:
  10. Deficit Irrigation ; Urumieh Lake ; Irrigation Under Pressure ; MIKE SHE Simulator Model ; Crop Pattern Change

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