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Simulation of Trajectory of Alpha Particle in an Environment Consisted of Two State Atoms

Shatranj, Soroush | 2021

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 54021 (04)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Physics
  6. Advisor(s): Shafiee, Afshin
  7. Abstract:
  8. In quantum mechanics different states of a system can only be found after a measurement is performed and before the measurement the system may not be in any particular state unless it was prepared in a certain manner. Even so there is no telling the state of system. This behavior raised questions such as: why results of a measurements happen to be in certain states and not in others? And also why an apparatus picks one result over the others? The Decoherence and Transition from quantum to classical behavior may hold the answer to this questions. An example of such transition, one can name the wave-particle duality in double slit experiment. Another example is the formation of straight tracks in Bubble chamber when an alpha ray is released form a radioactive source. In first chapter a brief introduction to Decoherence is provided. In second chapter mathematical equations describing collisional Decoherence in background gas has been derived and used to explain the wave-particle duality in double slit experiment and formation of classical Trajectories. In third chapter, results of several know models, explaining the formation of tracks, such as Mott’s model has been discussed and their power to explain quantum to classical behavior transition has been evaluated. In the last chapter the effect of quantumness of environments (composed of spins) on Decoherence has been probed using both time dependent and time independent one dimensional models
  9. Keywords:
  10. Measurement Problem ; Scattering ; Decoherence ; Alpha Ray ; Track Formation ; Quantum System

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