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Localization of Active Aerial Targets Using Targets with Known Location

Kaviani, Saber | 2021

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 54137 (05)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Electrical Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Behnia, Feridoon
  7. Abstract:
  8. Localization of radio, acoustic and vibration wave’s sources by passive systems has many applications in positioning systems, navigation systems, wireless sensor networks, defense, security, and geophysics. RSS, AOA, TDOA, and FDOA are some of the techniques available for passive localization. The performance of TDOA/FDOA techniques does not degrade with distance and multipath, but it may suffer from poor performance for narrowband signals. On the other hand, FDOA technique requires narrowband signals. Thus, the combination of TDOA and FDOA can be suitable for a much wider range of sources. In addition, the TDOA/FDOA method can provide more accurate interference source localization compared to other methods.In this study, we propose a method to localize an active aerial target (emitter) in three dimensions using the time and the frequency differences of the received signals from the target and those reflected from two large auxiliary terrestrial targets (pseudo stations) with known positions in a fixed ground-based station. Due to the pseudo and the main stations' terrestrial nature, it is impossible to obtain the altitude of the target in the traditional methods, so that these methods solve the localization problems in two dimensions and do not consider the altitude of the target. The proposed method uses target motion analysis to achieve target altitude with acceptable accuracy. The capability to give the target altitude and at the same time have low computational complexity makes this method an attractive option to be considered in practical applications. Since in this methods location and velocity of the target are solved for implicitly and interdependently, the computational complexity of the algorithm is considerably reduced. Of course, this method is not recommended for low signal-to-noise ratio scenarios due to convergence problem. Extracting the TDOA and FDOA values from the received signal is also a very important problem by itself. In this study, a method based on statistical characteristics of the received signal is proposed to obtain these two parameters. The presented simulations show accuracy and efficacy of the proposed methods
  9. Keywords:
  10. Passive Localization ; Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA) ; Single Site Localization ; Frequency Difference of Arrival (FDOA) ; Targets with Known Location ; Moving Aerial Targets

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