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CMOS Frequency Multiplier Design for Millimeter-Wave Imaging System

Kiyaei, Alireza | 2022

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 54916 (05)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Electrical Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Fakharzadeh Jahromi, Mohammad
  7. Abstract:
  8. In this study، a novel frequency multiplier chain for wideband millimeter-wave applications at 28 GHz is presented. Millimeter-wave imaging systems require high frequency and wide bandwidth to accurately detect hidden objects. Various methods have been proposed to increase the frequency of generated signals, but in the meantime، frequency multiplier structures exhibit better performance in terms of bandwidth، power consumption and, harmonic rejection. These circuits are widely used in High-frequency telecommunication systems such as 5th generation mobile services. To design a frequency quadrupler، two multiplier stages based on the improved quadrature Gilbert structure were used. Generating quadrature signals using distributed structures can take up a lot of space on the chip، which is not cost-effective، so the use of lumped element structures can be the optimal solution to this problem. To generate the required quadrature signal، a poly-phase filter and a lumped hybrid coupler are designed in different frequency bands. Also، at the output of this chain، a broadband differential amplifier is embedded so that in addition to increasing the signal level، it can convert the differential signal into a single-ended one by using a transformer balun. All the baluns and inductors used in this design have been characterized using electromagnetic simulation and their performance has been investigated. TSMC 65nm CMOS technology was exploited in this design due to its performance on millimeter-wave frequencies and lower manufacturing costs compared to III-V semiconductors. The proposed structure indicates 10.9 GHz of bandwidth at 28 GHz center frequency. The output signal power is about +7 dBm and، the minimum Harmonic Rejection in this frequency band is about 43.8 dBm. Also، the total power consumption of the chain is equal to 41.52 mW. The amplitude and phase balance are respectively better than ± 0.2 dB and 180+2.5 °
  9. Keywords:
  10. Frequency Multipliers ; Millimeter-Wave Imaging ; Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor Technology (CMOS) ; Polyphase Filter Bank ; Lumped Quadrature Hybrid Coupler ; Improved Quadrature Gilbert Multiplier ; Transformer Balun

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