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Modeling and Optimization of Municipal Solid Waste to Energy System Based on Incinerator

Balforoosh, Sajjad | 2022

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 55746 (46)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Energy Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Avami, Akram
  7. Abstract:
  8. Due to the increase in population and the migration of people from rural to urban areas, the amount of municipal solid waste is increasing. Therefore, waste management is one of the most important social, economic, and even cultural issues in society now. In this research, one of the methods of waste management, i.e. energy production from waste based on municipal solid waste incinerators, will be investigated. Considering the sensitive environment of Mazandaran province, this province was chosen as the study area of the research. In the methodology of this research, after pre-processing the waste data of the case study, these data were determined as input conditions to the computational fluid dynamics model of the waste incinerator. Then, the incinerator model designed for three different waste flow rates was simulated to collect gas input data for the power and heat production cycle after the incinerator. In the thermodynamic section, 8 scenarios were simulated in thermodynamic software to evaluate the energy, thermal and economic efficiency of the steam cycle. In the end, all the scenarios were optimized to minimize the production of nitrogen oxides and maximize power production. The cost of each scenario was also determined with the help of cost estimation functions. After examining the results in the cost section, electrical efficiency and thermal efficiency, low capacity power generation, low capacity ORC cycle co-generation, and low capacity co-generation scenarios were selected as the selected scenarios, and in the environmental section, low capacity power generation and low capacity co-generation scenarios were selected as the best scenarios. Finally, to select the best scenario, the valuation method was used with the same weight as the scenarios, and the low capacity co-generation scenario was determined as the overall selected scenario. After optimizing the air inlets, the output of nitrogen oxides from this scenario was calculated to be 264 ppm, which can pass the standards of China and America. The amount of heat and electricity produced in this unit was calculated as 294,987 and 58,814 GJ per year, respectively, after examining the demand for water heating and lighting of houses in the studied province, it was concluded that with the construction of each unit of waste incineration power plant in this province, 4.6% and 16% of energy for heating water and lighting homes in the province can be provided, respectively
  9. Keywords:
  10. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) ; Optimization ; Waste Management ; Energy Recovery ; Municipal Solid Waste ; Incinerator ; Energy Production ; Mazandaran Province

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