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Numerical Study and Optimization of Effective Parameters in Freeze Desalination

Hashempour, Masoud | 2023

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 56445 (08)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Mechanical Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Afshin, Hossein
  7. Abstract:
  8. Freeze desalination as a water refining method has attracted a lot of attention due to its potential in lowering process energy consumption compared to other methods. This method is based on the fact that the dissolved salt is drained from the saline water during its freezing. The current study conducts a parametric study on freezing saline water in a cylindrical container to investigate the impact of geometric and functional factors affecting the desalination quality. This has been done by examining the aforesaid factors in the form of dimensionless parameters such as thermal Grashof number, solutal Grashof number, and Jacob number. In addition, in order to improve the desalination, a novel procedure named “resting” has been proposed, which halts the freezing process for a while. During this period of time, a good proportion of the salt trapped in the ice leaves through the ice front. Results show that resting, in the same period of freezing time, lowers the salinity and increases the mass of the ice. Increasing thermal Grashof number results in more and saltier ice, whereas increasing solutal Grashof number results in less mass of ice and increased desalination rate. For instance, with the resting applied, by increasing the solutal Grashof number from 2960 to 118540 the mass of the ice decreases from 883.2 g to 494.5 g, while the desalination rate diminishes from 28.5% to 12.5%. It has been observed that the implementation of the resting process in the conditions of solutal Grashof number being 7409 and thermal Grashof number being 175312, the desalination rate improves up to 10.3 times the previous value while the resting has been absent. This results in a decrease in the ice salinity from 4.9 g/kg to 3.7 g/kg. It is worth noting that freeze desalination performs poorly in low initial salinities; however, with implementing the resting process, this weakness is addressed to a significant extent. So that in the conditions of solutal Grashof number being 1037 and thermal Grashof number being 175312, potable water is achieved by applying the resting process
  9. Keywords:
  10. Freeze Desalination ; Potable Water ; Parametric Study ; Numerical Simulation ; Dimensionless Parameters ; Water Treatment ; Energy Reduction

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