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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 57110 (04)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Physics
  6. Advisor(s): Sadooghi, Neda
  7. Abstract:
  8. Worldline formalism provides an effective and intuitive method in order to obtain the full prop- agator of a system with definite degrees of freedom and the one-loop effective action of such a system interacting with a background field. The covariance of relations and results facilitates the generalization to more complex geometries and symmetries. Feynman for the first time arrived at a relation for the relativistic orbit of a quantum particle in vacuum. In the same year, Schwinger employed a differential method to address the problem of vacuum polarization. The purpose of the current research is to review both of these methods in their search for a polarized vacuum, Lorentzian and gauge covariance of the results and also to propose a possible generalization to rotating systems
  9. Keywords:
  10. Schwinger Proper-Time Method ; Effective Action ; Rotation ; Vacuum Polarization ; Cylindrical Rotation ; Worldline Formalism

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