Loading...

Hydrological Modeling of Siminehroud Sub-Basin

Ghaffari Humedini, Fatemeh | 2024

0 Viewed
  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 57212 (09)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Civil Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Safaie, Ammar
  7. Abstract:
  8. Water resources globally are facing significant stress due to overexploitation. In recent decades, the balance between the available water resources and the amount of water consumption in the catchment area of Lake Urmia due to human factors and natural phenomena like climate change has been severely disrupted. In the last 20 years, the cumulative impact of these factors has led to a dramatic reduction in Lake Urmia’s water level by over 8 meters, with a concomitant rise in water salinity. To address the hydrodynamic challenges of Lake Urmia, it is crucial to understand the upstream watersheds. Thirteen perennial rivers, primarily the Zarinehroud and Simineroud, fulfill the water rights required by Lake Urmia. This research aims to analyze the hydrology of the Siminehroud subbasin, a critical contributor to Lake Urmia’s water supply, utilizing SWAT+ and CropWAT models. The SWAT+ hydrological model was developed to estimate the Siminehroud’s discharge time series from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2016. Subsequently, CropWAT assessed the agricultural impact on the river and quantified unauthorized well water extractions in the period from 01/01/2016 to 12/31/2016 because of the aim of this study. Inputs for the SWAT+ model included meteorological data (temperature, precipitation, wind speed, humidity, solar radiation), soil, land use, and topography maps. Calibration was achieved using data from Bukan Dashband, Bukan Bridge, and Gazel-Gonbad hydrometric stations, with a Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) values of 0.724, 0.712 and 0.627, respectively, and for the validation period the NSE values were equal to 0.683, 0.673 and 0.558, respectively. CropWAT analysis incorporated regional crop patterns and an irrigation efficiency of 47% to determine monthly irrigation requirements. Results revealed that approximately 31.3% of the region’s irrigation demand (127.3 million cubic meters) is sourced from the Siminehroud river, while the remaining 68.7% (278.6 million cubic meters) is derived from underground water resources, including both authorized and unauthorized wells, qanats, and springs. Notably, unauthorized wells account for an estimated 73% of the underground water extraction. This hydrological investigation of the Siminehroud subbasin contributes to a more accurate understanding of the water balance of Lake Urmia with the input component of the Siminehroud River. Additionally, this model, along with the development of hydrological models for other sub-basins of Lake Urmia, can be coupled with the hydrodynamic model of the lake to provide a more realistic representation of Lake Urmia’s hydrodynamic characteristics
  9. Keywords:
  10. Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT)Software ; Agriculture ; Groundwater ; Surface Water ; Lake Urmia Watershed ; CropWAT Model ; Siminehroud Subbasin

 Digital Object List

 Bookmark

No TOC