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Development of a 2D Quasi-Physical model for Predicting Fire Spread in Grasslands

Mohammadian Bisheh, Esmaeil | 2024

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  1. Type of Document: Ph.D. Dissertation
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 57273 (08)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Mechanical Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Farhanieh, Bijan; Afshin, Hossein
  7. Abstract:
  8. Fire behavior analysis and fire dynamics simulations, especially Wildfire, is of great importance due to all the necessities. The development and application of fire dynamics models, especially in complex geometric spaces, has become one of the priorities of the firefighting and environmental organizations of countries and international unions at the international level today. Analytical methods are not suitable for complex geometries due to the complexity of fire dynamics equations. Experimental methods are a desirable method for investigating complex geometries, but the fire phenomenon requires a high experimental study cost; Because fire causes severe damage or even destruction of a building or part of nature. Developing models for predicting the rate of fire spread (ROS) in nature and analyzing the sensitivity of these models to environmental parameters are of great importance for study activities and dealing with natural fires. This study is presented with the topic of designing and developing a two-dimensional quasi-physical model of fire spread in graslands and general sensitivity analyzing to predict the parameters that affect fire spread patterns in pastures. This model considers radiative heat transfer from the flame and fuel body and convective heat transfer to predict fire spread rate and grasland fire patterns. In this study, the sensitivity of the model to ten main parameters that affect the spread of fire, including temperature, humidity, wind speed, vegetable fuel characteristics, etc., has been studied and the results have been discussed and analyzed. The capability of the model is confirmed by experimental studies and a comprehensive physical model of WFDS. The model capability, as a quasi-physical and faster than real-time model, shows a high consistency in fire propagation parameters compared to actual experimental data from controlled fire cases in Australian grasslands in case studies C064 and F19. The comprehensive sensitivity analysis presented in this study has resulted in a modified equation for the corrected rate of fire spread, which shows a complete improvement in ROS prediction from 5% to 65% compared to the experimental results. This study can be a basic model for future studies, especially for those researchers who aim to design experiments and numerical studies for fire propagation behavior in grasslands. We hope that the results of this research can be a guide to prevent the spread of the dangers caused by fires in the ecosystem
  9. Keywords:
  10. Fire Spread ; Fire Dynamics ; Fire Control ; Wildfire ; Grasslands Fire ; Two Dimentional Modeling ; Quasi-Physical Model

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