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Implementation of Vibration Assisted Milling on Titanium and Investigation of its Effects on Surface Texture and Biocompatibility

Ruhibakhsk, Reza | 2024

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 57351 (08)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Mechanical Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Akbari, Javad
  7. Abstract:
  8. Titanium is the most widely used material in medical implants. One of the drawbacks of utilizing titanium in implants, is its biologically inert surface; which hinders the creation of the optimal bond between the implant and the surrounding tissue. This limitation can be addressed by altering the surface texture. As a technology, applying vibration to the tool or workpiece during machining operations is a practical method to create surface micro textures. Upon reviewing the existing literature, it is evident that the impact of the surface texture achieved by vibration-assisted milling, on the interaction of bone cells with the titanium surface has not been investigated. Therefore, this matter is the focus of the present research. To achieve that, the metal was subjected to milling operations in two groups: one with vibration and one without it. In order to assess the biological impact of the resulting microstructure, osteoblast cells were cultured on the samples surfaces and drop contact angle test were carried out. By examining the SEM images of the surfaces, it was observed that the micro texture in the vibration-assisted group appears scaly, irregular, and lacks repeating patterns. Additionally, roughness in smaller dimensions was observed on each scale. In contrast, the traditional milling group only exhibits milling lines as the noticeable surface feature. The hydrophilicity test results indicated that the milled samples in both groups exhibited a significantly more hydrophilic surface compared to the polished titanium surface. However, there was no notable difference in hydrophilicity between two groups. SEM images revealed that in the vibration assisted group, cells exhibited a more spherical shape, greater cytoplasmic extension, and fewer intercellular connections. This suggests that cells encountered less difficulty adhering to the surface. The likely reason behind this improved adhesion, lies in the micro roughness present on the surfaces. The textured surfaces seem to offer a more favorable environment for cell-surface interaction
  9. Keywords:
  10. Titanium ; Cell Culture ; Biocompatibility ; Vibration Assisted Milling ; Surface Micro Texture ; Milling ; Implants

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