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The Effect of Natural Gas Price on Power Plant Emissions in Iran

Noormohammadi, Sanaz | 2024

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 57428 (44)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Management and Economics
  6. Advisor(s): Vesal, Mohammad; Mardani, Hassan
  7. Abstract:
  8. This study investigates the effect of changes in natural gas and diesel prices on 〖CO 〗_2 emissions from power plants in Iran. We use annual data of fuel prices (including natural gas, diesel, and fuel oil), efficiency, amount of fuel consumed, and emissions of GHG (mainly carbon dioxide) of all thermal power plants from 1997 to 2023. To find the effect of fuel price fluctuations on emissions, gas and diesel price changes are used on two types of gas power plants (gas and diesel consumers) and diesel power plants (diesel consumers). First, a difference-in-difference (DiD) model is used to evaluate the causal effect of fuel price changes on gas power plant's efficiency and emission intensity compared to diesel power plants. Second, we use a time series method. The results show that with each rial increase in the price of natural gas (real rial per cubic meter), the efficiency of the gas power plant will increase by 0.138 percent compared to diesel power plants. On the other hand, with an increase of one rial per liter of diesel, the efficiency of gas power plants decreases by -0.0202 percent units compared to diesel power plants. These findings indicate the significant effect of changes in the price of power plant fuel on increasing/decreasing the efficiency of gas power plants compared to diesel power plants. The results of the effects of fuel price changes on the intensity of emissions show that for each rial increase in the real gas price, the intensity of carbon dioxide emissions of gas power plants decreases by 0.109 tons compared to diesel. For each unit of increase in the real diesel price, the intensity of emissions will increase by 0.00172 units to the control group. These coefficients were confirmed at the 5% significance level
  9. Keywords:
  10. Greenhouse Gases ; Pollutants Dispersion ; Powerplant Efficiency ; Fuel Price ; Environmental Advantage ; Difference-in-Difference Method ; Fuel Composition

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