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- Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
- Language: Farsi
- Document No: 58331 (01)
- University: Sharif University of Technology
- Department: Industrial Engineering
- Advisor(s): Rafiee, Majid
- Abstract:
- The 2026 FIFA World Cup, as the first edition of this event with a format of twelve groups of four teams and co-hosting by the United States, Canada, and Mexico, introduces new complexities in scheduling due to the increased number of teams, matches, and geographical distances between host cities. This study focuses on modeling and solving two main problems: (1) scheduling the dates and venues of the group stage matches, and (2) determining the kick-off times of these matches. The objectives of the models include meeting fairness criteria such as the simultaneous scheduling of the last round of group matches between teams in the same group, minimizing the differences in rest days between competing teams, minimizing teams’ travel distances, and ensuring optimal stadium allocation. The first proposed model is developed as a bi-objective optimization framework, which, while considering logistical, operational, and sporting constraints, also indirectly contributes to cost reduction. The main novelty of this research lies in the simultaneous integration of spatial and temporal decisions within a mathematical modeling framework for this multi-host event, incorporating fairness criteria into both stadium allocation and match scheduling. In addition, the second problem is modeled innovatively based on maximizing the desirability of match broadcast times for television audiences, achieved through time zone conversions. The research methodology involves decomposing the problems into subproblems, solving the models exactly, and conducting sensitivity analyses to assess the robustness of the results. The findings indicate that the proposed models can produce schedules that preserve the attractiveness and quality of the matches, ensure relative fairness among teams, and satisfy stakeholders including teams, in-stadium spectators, television audiences, media, and organizers. By addressing the research gap in scheduling major sporting events and providing a practical framework, this study can serve as a reference for designing optimal schedules in other international tournaments
- Keywords:
- Sports Scheduling ; Stadiums Allocation ; FIFA World Cup 2026 ; Bi-Objective Mathematical Optimization ; Fairness in Scheduling
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