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MagnetoHydroDynamics Simulation of Interaction between Matter and Electromagnetic Field in the Interstellar Medium

Naderi Hagh, Hesam | 2025

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 58380 (04)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Physics
  6. Advisor(s): Rezaei, Reza
  7. Abstract:
  8. The interstellar medium is the matter and radiation that exists in the space between the stars of a galaxy and is the most important part of a galaxy, as the densest regions of this medium are where stars form, which are the dominant sources of energy. The components of the interstellar medium include: interstellar gas, interstellar dust, cosmic rays, electromagnetic radiation, interstellar magnetic field, gravitational field, and dark matter particles. Interstellar matter is found over a wide range of temperatures and densities, and therefore different phases can be considered for interstellar matter, including: coronal gas (106 K), H II gas
    (104 K), hot H I (5000 K), cold H I (100 K), diffuse molecular gas (50 K), dense molecular gas (10-50 K), and stellar outflows (50-1000 K). In these phases, we are faced with neutral or charged particles that interact with the interstellar electromagnetic and gravitational fields, and the magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) approximation is effective for describing their dynamics. In this approximation, we do not consider the motion of charged particles individually, but rather write the Navier-Stokes equations governing the motion of a fluid of particles, and the Lorentz force that acts on each individual particle is converted into the Lorentz force that the electromagnetic field applies to the fluid. In this research, we intend to simulate this interaction in the interstellar medium and the presence of a supernova explosion using the MHD approximation. For this simulation, we use the high-order Pencil Code, which solves partial differential equations using the finite difference method (FDM) and is written in Fortran 95.
  9. Keywords:
  10. Interstellar Medium ; Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamics ; Pencil Code ; Supernova ; Electromagnetic Fields

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