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    Optimization of cervical cage and analysis of its base material: A finite element study

    , Article Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine ; Volume 236, Issue 11 , 2022 , Pages 1613-1625 ; 09544119 (ISSN) Jalilvand, E ; Abollfathi, N ; Khajehzhadeh, M ; Hassani Gangaraj, M ; Sharif University of Technology
    SAGE Publications Ltd  2022
    Abstract
    Nowadays, cervical disorders are common due to human lifestyles. Accordingly, the cage design should be optimized as an essential issue. For an optimal design, an objective function is utilized to calculate the proper geometrical parameters. Additionally, the base material of the cage plays a key role in its functionality and final cost. Novel materials are currently introduced with more compatibility with the bone in terms of mechanical and chemical properties. In this study, a cervical cage was modeled based on PEEK material with three types of tooth designs on its surface. The cervical cage is assumed to be implanted between C6 and C7 vertebrae. The geometric parameters of the cage were... 

    Projection of passenger cars’ air pollutants and greenhouse gas emissions and fuel consumption in Tehran under alternative policy scenarios

    , Article Case Studies on Transport Policy ; Volume 10, Issue 4 , 2022 , Pages 2195-2207 ; 2213624X (ISSN) Hassani, A ; Maleki, A ; Sharif University of Technology
    Elsevier Ltd  2022
    Abstract
    Passenger cars (PCs) are a major contributor to urban air pollution, greenhouse gas emissions, and energy security challenges in megacities in developing countries because of their high growth potential. Since the PC fleet changes through time, the projection of air pollutant emissions from PCs is essential for effective emission reduction policymaking. However, the extensive amount of data and proper models are required for this purpose that are not available in many developing countries. Hence, this study develops multiple econometric and emission models and integrate them into a framework to simulate the future stock and activity of PCs and projects PCs’ air pollutants and CO2 emissions... 

    Structure of cosmic web in non-linear regime: the nearest neighbour and spherical contact distributions

    , Article Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society ; Volume 512, Issue 4 , 2022 , Pages 5165-5182 ; 00358711 (ISSN) Ansari Fard, M ; Baghkhani, Z ; Ghodsi, L ; Taamoli, S ; Hassani, F ; Baghram, S ; Sharif University of Technology
    Oxford University Press  2022
    Abstract
    In non-linear scales, the matter density distribution is not Gaussian. Consequently, the widely used two-point correlation function is not adequate anymore to capture the matter density field's entire behaviour. Among all statistics beyond correlation functions, the spherical contact (or equivalently void function), and nearest neighbour distribution function seem promising tools to probe matter distribution in non-linear regime. In this work, we use haloes from cosmological N-body simulations, galaxy groups from the volume-limited galaxy group and central galaxies from mock galaxy catalogues, to compare the spherical contact with the nearest neighbour distribution functions. We also... 

    A resilience-based practical platform and novel index for rapid evaluation of urban water distribution network using hybrid simulation

    , Article Sustainable Cities and Society ; Volume 82 , 2022 ; 22106707 (ISSN) Ebrahimi, A. H ; Mortaheb, M. M ; Hassani, N ; Taghizadeh yazdi, M ; Sharif University of Technology
    Elsevier Ltd  2022
    Abstract
    This article proposes a novel index along with a user-friendly platform for resilience evaluation of the urban water distribution networks (WDN). WDN is of great importance in preserving the safety and sustainability of communities and cities. Resilience of a given system results in its sustainability. In recent years, many studies have focused on resilient urban WDN. However, these studies did not provide a comprehensive evaluation index and platform that could simultaneously consider hydraulic analysis, resilience parameters, and significant uncertainties. In this study, a novel resilience index was defined, and a user-friendly and practical platform (REWAT) was developed to calculate the... 

    Developing an Off-the-Shelf microfluidic droplet generation device for cell encapsulation

    , Article Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research ; Volume 61, Issue 30 , 2022 , Pages 10689-10699 ; 08885885 (ISSN) Hassani Gangaraj, M ; Shamloo, A ; Sharif University of Technology
    American Chemical Society  2022
    Abstract
    Droplet microfluidics is a platform of microfluidics in which two immiscible fluids are used to generate droplets for various biomedical applications. This platform introduces several advantages in applications such as cell lysis, cell culture, co-culture, and cell encapsulation. The most important issues regarding droplet generation devices are the fabrication complexity and maintenance of these devices. In this study, a simple and easy-to-fabricate microdroplet generator is designed and fabricated to resolve these issues. Furthermore, since this device is easy to fabricate and use, it can play a key role in the fabrication of medical devices for controlling infectious diseases in poor and... 

    EEG artifact removal using sub-space decomposition, nonlinear dynamics, stationary wavelet transform and machine learning algorithms

    , Article Frontiers in Physiology ; Volume 13 , 2022 ; 1664042X (ISSN) Zangeneh Soroush, M ; Tahvilian, P ; Nasirpour, M. H ; Maghooli, K ; Sadeghniiat Haghighi, K ; Vahid Harandi, S ; Abdollahi, Z ; Ghazizadeh, A ; Jafarnia Dabanloo, N ; Sharif University of Technology
    Frontiers Media S.A  2022
    Abstract
    Blind source separation (BSS) methods have received a great deal of attention in electroencephalogram (EEG) artifact elimination as they are routine and standard signal processing tools to remove artifacts and reserve desired neural information. On the other hand, a classifier should follow BSS methods to automatically identify artifactual sources and remove them in the following steps. In addition, removing all detected artifactual components leads to loss of information since some desired information related to neural activity leaks to these sources. So, an approach should be employed to detect and suppress the artifacts and reserve neural activity. This study introduces a novel method... 

    The effect of non-uniform magnetic field on the efficiency of mixing in droplet-based microfluidics: a numerical investigation

    , Article Micromachines ; Volume 13, Issue 10 , 2022 ; 2072666X (ISSN) Rezaeian, M ; Nouri, M ; Hassani Gangaraj, M ; Shamloo, A ; Nasiri, R ; Sharif University of Technology
    MDPI  2022
    Abstract
    Achieving high efficiency and throughput in droplet-based mixing over a small characteristic length, such as microfluidic channels, is one of the crucial parameters in Lab-on-a-Chip (LOC) applications. One solution to achieve efficient mixing is to use active mixers in which an external power source is utilized to mix two fluids. One of these active methods is magnetic micromixers using ferrofluid. In this technique, magnetic nanoparticles are used to make one phase responsive to magnetic force, and then by applying a magnetic field, two fluid phases, one of which is magneto-responsive, will sufficiently mix. In this study, we investigated the effect of the magnetic field’s characteristics... 

    Bayesian reliability-based robust design optimization of mechanical systems under both aleatory and epistemic uncertainties

    , Article Engineering Optimization ; 2022 ; 0305215X (ISSN) Hassani, H ; Khodaygan, S ; Ghaderi, A ; Sharif University of Technology
    Taylor and Francis Ltd  2022
    Abstract
    Uncertainties can be divided into two general categories: aleatory and epistemic. Conventional reliability-based robust design optimization approaches, which disregard epistemic uncertainties due to lack of knowledge about the physical nature of systems, have previously been developed. To overcome this weakness, unlike previous methods, a Bayesian reliability-based robust design optimization method is proposed in the presence of both aleatory and epistemic uncertainties. The proposed formulation is presented as a multi-objective optimization problem. The univariate dimension reduction method is used to approximate the mean and variance of the design function. The non-dominated sorting... 

    How resiliency and hope can predict stress of covid-19 by mediating role of spiritual well-being based on machine learning

    , Article Journal of Religion and Health ; Volume 60, Issue 4 , 2021 , Pages 2306-2321 ; 00224197 (ISSN) Nooripour, R ; Hosseinian, S ; Hussain, A. J ; Annabestani, M ; Maadal, A ; Radwin, L. E ; Hassani Abharian, P ; Pirkashani, N. G ; Khoshkonesh, A ; Sharif University of Technology
    Springer  2021
    Abstract
    Nowadays, artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are playing a tremendous role in all aspects of human life and they have the remarkable potential to solve many problems that classic sciences are unable to solve appropriately. Neuroscience and especially psychiatry is one of the most important fields that can use the potential of AI and ML. This study aims to develop an ML-based model to detect the relationship between resiliency and hope with the stress of COVID-19 by mediating the role of spiritual well-being. An online survey is conducted to assess the psychological responses of Iranian people during the Covid-19 outbreak in the period between March 15 and May 20, 2020, in... 

    Correction to: How resiliency and hope can predict stress of covid-19 by mediating role of spiritual well-being based on machine learning (Journal of Religion and Health, (2021), 60, 4, (2306-2321), 10.1007/s10943-020-01151-z)

    , Article Journal of Religion and Health ; Volume 60, Issue 4 , 2021 , Pages 2322-2323 ; 00224197 (ISSN) Nooripour, R ; Hosseinian, S ; Hussain, A. J ; Annabestani, M ; Maadal, A ; Radwin, L ; Hassani Abharian, P ; Ghanbari, N ; Khoshkonesh, A ; Sharif University of Technology
    Springer  2021
    Abstract
    The original version of the article was inadvertently published with the ethical code in Ethical Considerations section. This has been corrected with this erratum. The revised texts are given below. © 2021, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature  

    A comparison of light-duty vehicles' high emitters fractions obtained from an emission remote sensing campaign and emission inspection program for policy recommendation

    , Article Environmental Pollution ; Volume 286 , 2021 ; 02697491 (ISSN) Hassani, A ; Safavi, S. R ; Hosseini, V ; Sharif University of Technology
    Elsevier Ltd  2021
    Abstract
    Urban transportation is one of the leading causes of air pollution in big cities. In-use emissions of vehicles are higher than the emission control certification levels. The current study uses a roadside remote sensing emission monitoring campaign to investigate (a) fraction of high emitters in the light-duty vehicle (LDV) fleet and their contributions to the total emissions, (b) emission inspection (I/M) programs' effectiveness, and (c) alternate fuel (natural gas) encouragement policy. LDVs consist of passenger or freight transport vehicles with four wheels equivalent to classes M1 and N1 of European union vehicle classifications. The motivation is to assess the current emission inspection... 

    Projection of passenger cars’ fuel demand and greenhouse gas emissions in Iran by 2050

    , Article Energy Conversion and Management: X ; Volume 12 , 2021 ; 25901745 (ISSN) Hassani, A ; Maleki, A ; Sharif University of Technology
    Elsevier Ltd  2021
    Abstract
    Passenger cars (PCs) not only are a major contributor to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in Iran but also pose severe energy security challenges due to their dependence on gasoline. This study aimed to understand the future trends of the gasoline demand and GHG emissions from PCs in Iran and assess the effectiveness of mitigation policies. The data were collected from multiple sources and used to develop the survival rate function of PCs. The study used back-calculation to compensate for the short period of stock data availability. The use intensity of PCs was estimated based on the gasoline consumption statistics. Econometric models were developed to project the future PC stock and use... 

    Sonophotocatalytic degradation of sulfadiazine by integration of microfibrillated carboxymethyl cellulose with Zn-Cu-Mg mixed metal hydroxide/g-C3N4 composite

    , Article Separation and Purification Technology ; Volume 245 , 2020 Gholami, P ; Khataee, A ; Vahid, B ; Karimi, A ; Golizadeh, M ; Ritala, M ; Sharif University of Technology
    Elsevier B.V  2020
    Abstract
    This research aimed to prepare a recoverable sonophotocatalyst, in which microfibrillated carboxymethyl cellulose (MFC) acted as the Zn-Cu-Mg-mixed metal hydroxide/graphitic carbon nitride (MMH/g-C3N4) carrier. The characteristics of bare and composite sonophotocatalysts were analyzed by the XRD, FT-IR, BET, DRS, PL and FE-SEM equipped with the EDX mapping. The performance of prepared composites (MMH/g-C3N4@MFC) with various weight ratios of the MMH/g-C3N4 was studied for the sonophotocatalytic degradation of sulfadiazine (SDZ) as the model emerging contaminant. 93% of SDZ was degraded using the most effective catalyst (MMH/g-C3N4@MFC3) with 15% weight ratio of the MMH/g-C3N4 under the... 

    An investigation on using MDCs for an efficient desalination process as pretreatment of reverse osmosis

    , Article Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology - AQUA ; Volume 69, Issue 4 , 1 June , 2020 , Pages 322-331 Habibi, A ; Abbaspour, M ; Javid, A. H ; Hassani, A. H ; Sharif University of Technology
    IWA Publishing  2020
    Abstract
    Microbial desalination cell (MDC) is a new bio-electrochemical technique which converts chemical energy into electrical energy, and at the same time desalinates water and treats wastewater. In this study, MDC performance and water biofouling conditions were tested as an efficient pretreatment desalination process of reverse osmosis (RO). The experiments were designed in a three-chamber reactor to compare the performance of batch and continuous fed modes, using bio-cathode and synthetic wastewater in four different hydraulic retention times and 17 and 35 g/L NaCl concentrations. According to the results, maximum salt removal of about 52.3% was obtained in the continuously fed MDC at 35 g/L... 

    Temporal activation of LRH-1 and RAR-γ in human pluripotent stem cells induces a functional naïve-like state

    , Article EMBO Reports ; Volume 21, Issue 10 , 2020 Taei, A ; Kiani, T ; Taghizadeh, Z ; Moradi, S ; Samadian, A ; Mollamohammadi, S ; Sharifi Zarchi, A ; Guenther, S ; Akhlaghpour, A ; Asgari Abibeiglou, B ; Najar Asl, M ; Karamzadeh, R ; Khalooghi, K ; Braun, T ; Hassani, S. N ; Baharvand, H ; Sharif University of Technology
    Wiley-VCH Verlag  2020
    Abstract
    Naïve pluripotency can be established in human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) by manipulation of transcription factors, signaling pathways, or a combination thereof. However, differences exist in the molecular and functional properties of naïve hPSCs generated by different protocols, which include varying similarities with pre-implantation human embryos, differentiation potential, and maintenance of genomic integrity. We show here that short treatment with two chemical agonists (2a) of nuclear receptors, liver receptor homologue-1 (LRH-1) and retinoic acid receptor gamma (RAR-γ), along with 2i/LIF (2a2iL) induces naïve-like pluripotency in human cells during reprogramming of fibroblasts,... 

    Elastic properties of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes: A molecular dynamics study

    , Article European Physical Journal Plus ; Volume 134, Issue 10 , 2019 ; 21905444 (ISSN) Mehralian, F ; Firouz Abadi, R. D ; Vahid Moshtagh, A ; Sharif University of Technology
    Springer Verlag  2019
    Abstract
    In the present study, the mechanical properties of vertically aligned carbon nanotube (VACNT) arrays in the most general case of anisotropic elasticity is studied. To quantify the elastic stiffness coefficients, continuum mechanics is employed, in which the constitutive relation is formulized in terms of the interatomic potential obtained via molecular dynamics (MDs) simulations. Detailed investigations into elastic stiffness coefficients with different geometrical parameters are performed and, consequently, their sensitivity on length and radius parameters is hereby studied. With such study it would be possible to tune the mechanical properties of VACNTs. © 2019, Società Italiana di Fisica... 

    A novel dual and triple shifted RSVP paradigm for P300 speller

    , Article Journal of Neuroscience Methods ; Volume 328 , 2019 ; 01650270 (ISSN) Mijani, A. M ; Shamsollahi, M. B ; Sheikh Hassani, M ; Sharif University of Technology
    Elsevier B.V  2019
    Abstract
    Background: A speller system enables disabled people, specifically those with spinal cord injuries, to visually select and spell characters. A problem of primary speller systems is that they are gaze shift dependent. To overcome this problem, a single Rapid Serial Visual Presentation (RSVP) paradigm was initially introduced in which characters are displayed one-by-one at the center of a screen. New method: Two new protocols, Dual and Triple shifted RSVP paradigms, are introduced and compared against the single paradigm. In the Dual and Triple paradigms, two and three characters are displayed at the center of the screen simultaneously, holding the advantage of displaying the target character... 

    Focus on What is Needed: Area and Power Efficient FPGAs Using Turn-Restricted Switch Boxes

    , Article 18th IEEE Computer Society Annual Symposium on VLSI, ISVLSI 2019, 15 July 2019 through 17 July 2019 ; Volume 2019-July , 2019 , Pages 615-620 ; 21593469 (ISSN) ; 9781538670996 (ISBN) Serajeh Hassani, F ; Sadrosadati, M ; Pointner, S ; Wille, R ; Sarbazi Azad, H ; Technical Committee on VLSI (TCVLSI) of IEEE Computer Society (CS) ; Sharif University of Technology
    IEEE Computer Society  2019
    Abstract
    Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) employ a significant amount of SRAM cells in order to provide a flexible routing architecture. While this flexibility allows for a rather easy realization of arbitrary functionality, the respectively required cells significantly increase the area and power consumption of the FPGA. At the same time, it can be observed that full routing flexibility is frequently not needed in order to efficiently realize the desired functionality. In this work, we are proposing an FPGA realization which focuses on what is needed and realizes only a subset of the possible routing options using what we call Turn-Restricted Switch-Boxes. While this may yield a slight... 

    Comparison between single, dual and triple rapid serial visual presentation paradigms for P300 speller

    , Article Proceedings - 2018 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine, BIBM 2018, 3 December 2018 through 6 December 2018 ; 2019 , Pages 2635-2638 ; 9781538654880 (ISBN) Mijani, A. M ; Shamsollahi, M. B ; Sheikh Hassani, M ; Jalilpour, S ; Schmidt H ; Griol D ; Wang H ; Baumbach J ; Zheng H ; Callejas Z ; Hu X ; Dickerson J ; Zhang L ; Sharif University of Technology
    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc  2019
    Abstract
    P300 based Speller systems are a typical application of BCIs that can be used as a communication device for users with spinal cord injury. In this paper, three different RSVP paradigms; single, dual and triple RSVP are compared in terms of character detection accuracy and ITR to find the optimal communication method for these users. Three subjects were tested to compare these methods in offline mode. The results of this comparison shows that character detection accuracy for the single, dual and triple RSVP paradigms are 0.78, 0.63 and 0.64, respectively. The mean of ITR for the single, dual and triple RSVP paradigms was also recorded to be 3.6534, 7.72 and 11.5 bit/min, respectively.... 

    A new approach to characterize the performance of heavy oil recovery due to various gas injection

    , Article International Journal of Multiphase Flow ; Volume 99 , 2018 , Pages 273-283 ; 03019322 (ISSN) Rostami, B ; Pourafshary, P ; Fathollahi, A ; Yassin, M. R ; Hassani, K ; Khosravi, M ; Mohammadifard, M ; Dangkooban, A ; Sharif University of Technology
    Elsevier Ltd  2018
    Abstract
    The performance of CO2 injection into a semi-heavy oil reservoir was investigated at reservoir conditions, using highly permeable sandstone in a complete series of PVT tests and coreflooding experiments. Analysis of involved parameters such as: injection rate, injectant type and reservoir pressure were also considered. Oil viscosity reduction and oil swelling are the most influential mechanisms of enhanced oil recovery in this process. The results demonstrated that CO2 injection would decrease the interfacial tension for the high permeable medium in the absence of capillarity, but this reduction may not improve the recovery drastically. One of the main important aspects of this work is the...