Sharif Digital Repository

Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats, or in short, CRISPR is a relatively new technology that enables geneticists and medical researchers to edit parts of the genome by removing, adding, or altering parts of the DNA. Initially found in the genomes of prokaryotic organisms such as bacteria and archaea, this technology can cure many illnesses such as blindness and cancer. A significant issue for a practical application of CRISPR systems is accurately predicting the single guide RNA (sgRNA) on-target efficacy and off-target sensitivity. While some methods classify these designs, most algorithms are on separate data with different genes and cells. The lack of... 

Web service technology is becoming increasingly popular since it is very bene?cial in di?erent types of applications. Due to a dramatical increase in the number of developed web services, the service discovery process has become crucial for using web services e?ciently. Service is an adaptive, self-describing, modular application, which may be used in either web or an internal network. Service providers should o?er the services along with a description ?le called advertisement explaining the speci?cations and functionalities of the service. Traditional service discovery methods are based on syntax and keyword matching, which may not satisfy the requester’s desired requirements and will... 

In this study, a novel multi-scale hierarchical method has been employed to explore the role of edge dislocation on Nano-plates with hexagonal atomic structure in large deformation. multiscale hierarchical atomistic/molecular dynamics (MD) finite element (FE) coupling methods are proposed to demonstrate the impact of dislocation on mechanical properties of Magnesium in large deformation. The atomic nonlinear elastic parameters are attained via computing first-order derivation of stress with respect to strain of Representative Volume Element (RVE). To associate between atomistic and continuum level, the mechanical characteristics are captured in the atomistic scale and transferred to the... 

Determining the best location for new wells is a complex problem that depends on reservoir and fluid properties, well and surface equipment specifications, and economic criteria. Various approaches have been proposed for this problem. Among those, direct optimization using the simulator as the evaluation function, although accurate, is in most cases infeasible due to the number of simulations required. This study proposes a hybrid optimization technique (HGA) based on the genetic algorithm (GA) with helper functions based on the polytope algorithm and the neural network. Hybridization of the GA with these helper methods introduces hill-climbing into the stochastic search and also makes use... 

Inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) is one of the machine learning frameworks based on learning from humans; That is, instead of producing a decision process maximizing a predefined reward function, seeks to find the reward function based on the observed behavior of an agent. The biggest motivation of IRL is that, usually, determining a reward function for a problem is very difficult. We consider IRL in Markov decision processes; that is, the problem of extracting a reward function with the assumption of knowing the optimal behavior. IRL could be useful for apprenticeship learning to obtain skilled behavior, and for optimizing a reward function by a natural system. We first, determine a set... 

In the present thesis, two subjects have been studied. In the first one we introduce the theory of holographic superconductors. Using the gauge/gravity correspondence, many of the features of perconductors will be explored. Analyzing the five-dimensional AdS gravity coupled to a gauge field and a charged scalar field, we can recognize the system undergoes a superconductor/insulator transition at zero temperature and critical chemical potential.We consider the backreaction effects to construct the complete phase diagram for the system. For a determined chemical potential there are typically two phase transitions as the temperature is lowered.we also discuss the zero temperature limit of a... 

The purpose of this thesis is to design a controller for a reentry spacecraft to despite the uncertainty in the initial conditions and the aerodynamic characteristics as well as the presence of atmospheric turbulence and the presence of noise in the system. Reentry vehicle that studying in this project is Apollo, a capsule without wings, with a low lift to drag ratio. Earth is modeled as elliptical and Earth's rotation is also considered. The Guidance system produces the bank angle command, and the reentry vehicle must follow the commands with the help of the controller. The controller is designed based on the nonlinear dynamic inversion method. Dynamic and kinematic equations of rotational... 

New nonlinear voltage and current control strategies based on backstepping control and a high-order sliding mode differentiator for microgrid are proposed. The microgrid consists of multiple distributed generation (DG) units with an arbitrary configuration that can be parametrically uncertain or topologically unknown. The proposed method robustly regulates the microgrid voltages and currents in the presence of parametric uncertainties, unmodeled dynamics, load imbalances, and nonlinear loads with harmonic/interharmonic currents. In contrast to existing methods, the proposed method does not need to know the frequency of harmonic and interharmonic current of microgrid loads that lead to the... 

Launch vehicle must overcome gravity and place its payload on determined orbit. Multi-staging of launch vehicles causes that the ratio of length to diameter become large and then launch vehicle behave elastically. In this study, the equations of motion using the Lagrangian approach drive at pitch plane. By adding elastic terms to control equations, the launch vehicle modeling is completed. Predictive model controller choose for control system.This controller is based on neural network. In this paper, the main concepts and neural network approach in this controller structure is introduced.Finally implementation of this method in Simulink environment for pitch control of a flexible launch... 

Selection of muscle activation pattern to reach a specific goal by considering the complexities of neuromuscular system and the way it overcomes these complications, are of researchers’ space interest in motor control. One proposed solution for resolving these complexities is the concept of simple module (synergies) that suggests the combination of them leads to more complex activities. In the present work, the existence and arrangement of synergies in the lumbar spine have been studied. For this purpose, a model with 18- muscles at level of L4-L5 under utilized in the static condition. In order to obtain the muscular and stability synergies, a biomechanical model predicting muscle... 

To make it easier to transition and increase the number of missiles on the launcher, many missiles consider the fins are designed to be foldable. Also, these types of fins can be opened during the flight and therefore reduce the drag force in the initial phase of the flight. One of the disadvantages of this type of design is that the fins may not open during the flight. Moreover, locking the actuator, breaking or destroying some part or all of the control surface of supersonic aircraft due to high speed and temperature and loss of thermal insulation is very probable. This thesis considers the locking, not opening, or even breaking the control surfaces, as well as the destruction of some part... 

In this research the attitude control of a flexible launch vehicle using fractional order proportional-integral-derivative controller in the presence of actuators failures is described. Other work done in this study is the investigation of on-line fault detection and diagnosis effects in the attitude control of flexible launch vehicle in the presence of actuator failures. Rigid-elastic equations of motion and assumed modes have been used to simulate dynamics of launch vehicle in the Simulink environment of MATLAB software using two elastic bending modes. The performance of fractional order controller has been compared with conventional proportional-integral-derivative and adaptive augmented... 

Networked computers are expanding more and more around the world, and digital social networks becoming of great importance for many people's work and leisure. Emails, Weblogs and Instant Messengers are popular instances of social networks. In this thesis, the main target is to have an advertisement according to user favorites and interests by mining his/her interactions in digital social networks. Briefly, in our method social network users are categorized based on the topics exchanges between them in the network, these topics discovered by mining of flowing data in that environment, considering that these topics shows the user willing, finally relevant advertisements will be represented to... 

Well-Testing is a one of the usual methods in petroleum engineering for evaluating reservoir and well parameters. This method is based on measuring downhole pressure verses time in different production conditions and then drawing these data in different pressure-time graphs and evaluating reservoir characteristics and calculating reservoir parameters. This thesis describes the development of techniques for the automation of the model identification and parameter estimation of a well test interpretation, using Artificial Intelligence. The computer programs which are written in MATLAB software use Neutral Network toolbox to detect a model that is based on the pressure derivative curve, and... 

According to the growing population and the need to make optimal use of available resources, the discussion of planning and scheduling in healthcare will be useful. One of the most expensive and lucrative sections in a hospital, which always spends a large percentage of renewable and non-renewable resources, is the Operating rooms (ORs). These ORs are the most important part of the hospital in terms of health and financial issues. In these scheduling problems, in order to be able to model the real situation, we needed to consider the recovery section integrated with the ORs. Also, the duration of surgery and stay in the recovery rooms are considered stochastic. In this study, we solve the... 

Isogeometric Analysis is one of the new methods for solving partial differential Equations which has special advantages compared to conventional methods such as the finite Element method. Some of these benefits can be used to approximate the geometry and solving the Equations governing the behavior of materials. Calculating the stress intensity factor at the tip of the Crack using classical method such as finite element method is done as well as IGA and gives Acceptable Results in linear range. Studying how to calculate these coefficients in combination with Isogeometric analysis method and comparing results with FEM due to novelty of the approach can have considerable importance for... 

Base isolation system is an efficient passive structural control approach to save the structures from the harms of earthquakes. The base isolated systems help to reduce the base shear by increasing the period of the structures, as well as dissipating the seismic input energy by its inherent damping mechanism [1]. However, the residual displacement of the base isolation systems resulted from strong ground motions would remain as a main obstacle in its regular serviceability after the main event. In that regard different isolating devices have been introduced to resolve the problem of the remaining permanent displacement. On the other hand, Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs) are among the newly... 

These days, self-assembly is one of the most significant phenomena in chemistry and biology. Although There are some Experiments and Simulations which help us to understand self-assembly much more than before, their mechanism is poorly understood. As a result, Calculating Free-energy landscape could be a great development in this area.We use the Flat-histogram monte Carlo algorithm to calculate the density of states of a complex system. In this way, there is a comparison between the exact density of states of Ising Model and the same quantities that are obtained from Flat histogram Method. After that, there would be a combination of statistical thermodynamics and Graph theory toward drawing... 

In this work, we establish the constancy of expansion ratio (density factor) and adiabatic flame temperature for predicting lower explosive limits and further establish the constancy of expansion ratio for measuring upper explosion limits. Flammability limits are important characteristics of combustion processes. The flame can only propagate in a specific range of ratios of concentration of fuel to oxidant. The maximum of this concentration ratio that make possible propagation of flame in a mixture, is called upper flammability limit. The minimum of this ratio that make flame propagation possible is called lower flammability limit. Limits of flammability change with initial conditions such... 

This thesis firstly studies the parameters affecting P/E ratio. These parameters vary from Macroeconomics level, Economic growth and Inflation, to company level. Then this study deploys Neural Networks to predict magnitude of P/E and change direction of P/E ratio. To increase accuracy, thesis uses three different method of normalizing for Input data. Finally, results are compared to results of regression method