Sharif Digital Repository

In this study we developed an analytical model to delve into the behavior of participants in the market of kidney in Iran. We get health as a good which not only elevates the utility of any individual, it add more years to each individual longevity. We find out that ESRD patients who are in serious need of receiving a new kidney will never postpone buying kidney in case of having the price fixed in all periods.We found out that the waiting time in queue of receiving market is a u-shape function in which there is a minimum. We proved that the price making the queue minimum is definitely bigger than the market clearance market. Accordingly, despite all the unfair and immoral view toward... 

Auction literature and economic theories advocate common valuation among bidders in mineral rights auctions. In this study, we have tried to examine the assumption of common valuation between bidders in a first price sealed bid auction. It examines the common valuation hypothesis by assuming the information symmetry and the exogenous entry of bidders. The findings of this study suggest that bidders’ valuation in a first price sealed bid auction of natural resources may be private or common value. We use the non-parametric estimation model to find that after the federal government imposed Area-wide Leasing in the Gulf of Mexico, bidders’ valuations changed from private valuation to common... 

This research is devoted to clarify the determinants of the revealed behavior of Iranian urban households toward risk attitude in the life insurance market. Based on the cross section data of Iranian household income and expenditure statistics (HIES), the life insurance data of Iran Insurance company, and the fertility rate reported by National Organization for civil registration, the Arrow-Pratt Index for relative risk aversion is estimated. According to the literature, the income, asset and job status are considered as economic variables, while the sex of family head, the number of children, the age of family head and the marriage status are regarded as demographic and social variables.... 

The essential need for allocation of appropriate resources to the wellbeing and medication plans in a society can be understood from the fundamental impact of health on the performance of the labor force of the society, which can lead to significant increase in the economic growth rate. The high costs associated with research and development make pharmaceutical industry owners to be very vigilant about their investment on new drugs and expected sales. The purpose of this study is to evaluate current Iranian market for a part of Antihypertensive drugs and to estimate the demand for this group of drugs. The method used to obtain the estimation involved multi-stage budgeting, which benefits... 

The land market is one of the most important markets in the economy. Land is a factor of production, store of value, and a major part of household’s portfolio. Although price of land is an essential information for institutions like municipalities whom tax the landlords, or for financial intermediaries like banks whom use the land as collateral, studies about price of land and its spatial and time variations are scrace in Iran. Furthermore, most of studies in other countries are usually based on inflexible OLS estimators. Thus, this study has two main contributions. First, to analyze the usefulness of hedonic modeling in explaining the price of land, utilizing a unique dataset for Tehran... 

In this project we tried to examine the effective variables on rent to price ratio and how the variations in R/P influence households’ decisions. Using rent to price ratio, the efficiency of Housing market has been inspected. However, the results for Tehran are in contrast to efficiency assumptions. Moreover, having access to unique database which remarkably increase the accuracy of our estimation, the relation between rent risks and House price has been examined. The results show that rent fluctuations has positive impact on house price. Rent to Price ratio has different applications and we tried to determine the variables that can explain this ratio. Literature review demonstrate that... 

With the implementation of the targeted subsidy plan in Iran and as a result, the allocation of cash subsidy to individuals, the effect of this policy on labor supply behavior can be studied. In most of the researches, the degree of the effects of implementing such policies on the working behaviors is studied.
In this research, after discussing some proposed models of labor supply and the effects of nonwage income on that, we reviewed the history of implementing such policies and their outcomes in different countries. Then, the possible methods of studying this issue in Iran were discussed. Finally, using a part of the household budget data in years 1389 and 1390, a panel data was... 

In this thesis، we consider bidding behavior of producers in wholesale electricity market in Iran. Participating in a day ahead pay-as-bid electricity auctions for Generator Companies with purpose of profit maximization in spite of market regulation constraints is taken into account. Since bidding functions are restricted to be evolved as a stepwise one with maximum of ten steps per unit in each hour، the main issue arise that whether increasing steps will improve the value of our objective function or not. Finally، in order to evaluate rationalities in bidding behavior of themarket participants، our results are compared with real bidding data combined for each power plant in a particular... 

In this research we are going to examine the effect of determinant paramets that are influencive on consumer behaviors for choosing applications. By analyse the cost-amount spended by each costumer we are suppose to investigate the influencive parametrs on spending amount of every consumer in Café Bazar platform.In today’s cutting-edge world of technology, widespread mobile application usage in humans’ lives is pervasive, we are optimistic that our research will finds efficacious ways so as to improve the pricing and advertisement strategies. We are faced with two specific problems. First, price of each Application might be endogenous and this problem would violates the consistency of... 

In 2014, Iranian government initiated “Salamat” universal insurance program, aiming to provide free health insurance coverage for the uninsured population. Consequently, more than 10 million individuals enrolled in the program, and insurance coverage rose 15 percentage points among the urban population. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the program’s consequences on healthcare utilization and mortality of various age-groups. To this end, we have estimated data on healthcare utilization from the results of “Households Expenditures and Income Survey” for years 2011-2017, and also used the data on the frequency of mortality of each age-group taken from the National Organization for Civil... 

In finance literature there are different views of individual and institutional investors for variety of reasons. Despite having consensus on the difference of individual and institutional investors due to complexity and size, it seems there are much disagreement on how they affect the key process of market like return and liquidity. In this paper we consider the effect of individual and institutional trading on the short-term return of stocks. Specifically, first we define some factors to measure the trading activity of individual and institutional investors. Then we use these factors to sort each stock in the cross section to create decile portfolios and we compare the short-term return... 

The importance of housing, as one of the most important consumable and investable household goods, is not hidden from anyone. The cost of housing (which can include the cost of renting a property, the cost of repaying a purchase loan, or the opportunity cost of its purchase capital) is a large part of the consumption basket expenses of households. Housing is considered the biggest asset of many Iranian households. As a result, access to an accurate prediction with the least error becomes doubly important for Iranian families. In addition to households, knowing the factors affecting the equilibrium price and estimation of housing valuation for governments (a useful tool for fair taxation) and... 

The purpose of this study is to model people's behavior on both sides of the kidney market. The healthy person decides to donate a live kidney (for a certain amount) on the supply side. On the demand side, the patient chooses between the two existing kidney queues, the living kidney and the cadaveric kidney, based on the individual's income and belief from the waiting time in each of the two queues. The sick person faces two critical risks in life: risk of death and kidney failure. To model these two risks, it is assumed that each person has a level of health that consists of two deterministic and stochastic parts. In this way, with a deterministic rate, a person's health level will decrease... 

Policy evaluation, is a crucial stage of any policy-making process. In many cases, unfortunately, this crucial stage, has been largely neglected. The marriage loan payment policy is designed and implemented to tackle the decrease in the marriage rate in Iran. However, the effectiveness of this policy has not been evaluated so far. In this research, we focus on evaluating the effect of the marriage loan payment policy on the marriage rate. Annual data at the provincial level between 2013 and 2021 is used. Dynamic panel data model and System GMM estimation method are employed to assess the effect of this policy on the marriage rate. The results show a positive and significant effect of the... 

In the early 21st century, Iran established its wholesale electricity market as part of the restructuring of the power industry. Currently, the majority of electricity trades occur in this market. The simultaneous production and consumption of electricity, along with constraints for new companies to enter the market, make exercising market power a significant consideration in the economics literature. The market mechanism is based on auctions and is supported by a rich-data environment that allows for monitoring of production firms' behavior. This research measures the exercise of unilateral market power in Iran's wholesale electricity market using three months' worth of data for each year... 

Forecasting has a crucial role for decision makers in economics and finance and is frequently used by firms, government institutions and professional economists. Academic studies in macroeconomics modeling and economic forecasting have been historically concentrated on models with few variables. But in practice, a decision maker has a large amount of information in the form of variables which has some predictive content for the target variable. One way to handle the large-scale information in forecasting is to use forecast combination methods. These methods generally combine the simple forecasts of some target variable while the forecasts are weighted according to their relative accuracy,... 

In this research, we answer that whether trade liberalization increase market competition. First, we discuss this problem using inter-temporal comparison. To do this, we set a control variable group and a test variable group. The control variable group includes the industries that did not report trading and non-tradable industry in 1379 and 1386 (non-trading industries) and the test variable group includes industries that have entered the the trade in recent two years and are named trading industries. In this research, we study the effect of Herfindahl Index and markup on industry Openness,controlling for some factors. Using abovementioned influences, the relation between trade... 

The debate on the efficient way of altruism is a long-lasting topic. Economists attempted to model the nonprofit problems with game theory. Buchanan’s Samaritan Dilemma (1975) is one of the early instances, followed mainly by institutionalist researchers. However, no analytical model unifies the credible commitment problems. This thesis investigates two misallocation problems: the recipient’s motivation to deviate resources from the donor’s aims, and the information asymmetry that invokes affluent people to imposter eligible recipients. We probe a specific case representing a subsistence economy. One philanthropist faces agents with identical preferences but heterogeneous wealth, not... 

Producer-level data for Iranian manufacturing firms shows a large amount of dispersion and concentration in producer level sectoral shares, as well as a very strong relashionship between sectoral shares and markups. We Study the pro-competitive gain from trade in the Iran’s manufacturing sector. Domestic firms in Iranian manufacturing sector are protected via tarfiff and non-tariff barriers enforced by the government. In many sections of manufacturing sector, domestic firms feel little competition and charge high markups. The market power of domestic firms could be reduced by the reduction of tariff rate and increase in import share. As a result of foreign competition pressure, they would be... 

The spatial diffusion of house prices has been the subject of research for many years. Most of these studies have found a strong relationship between neighboring regions and a weaker relation between nonneighbors. This study uses changes in real house prices within Tehran at the level of municipality zones to illustrate the ripple effect by using quarterly house price data of Tehran’s twenty municipality zones since 1371 to 1391. It also aims to illustrate the heterogeneity in spatial spillovers of house prices development across space and time. We found that a positive shock in house prices diffuse more rapidly that a negative shock; the time shock will diffuse also have a heavier level...