Sharif Digital Repository

Linear position sensors are widely used in linear motion-control systems. In this thesis, the design, optimization, performance analysis, and prototyping of a linear variable reluctance, variable air-gap length resolver are discussed. The accurate modelling of the studied sensor needs three-dimensional (3-D) time stepping finite element analysis (TSFEA) that is computationally expensive and unsuitable for co-usage with optimization algorithms. Therefore, the aim of this thesis is to establish an accurate, yet computationally fast, model suitable for optimal design of linear variable reluctance resolvers. The proposed mathematical model is presented based on modified winding function method. ... 

Computerized tomography (CT) imaging is a powerful tool among the existing bio-imaging techniques for capturing bio-images. In a CT scan procedure, linear sensors receive x-ray radiations, passed through the patient’s body and the reconstruction algorithms provide the required image for physicians from the captured data. In spite of its great advantages, due to the use of x-ray radiations and its ionization effect, it will raise the risk of cancer in long times. Therefore, to take benefit from several advantages of CT such as low-cost and high speed, solving this problem is aimed by many physicians and scientists. A new compressed sensing-based algorithm in order to reduce the number of... 

Position sensors are inseparable parts of motion control systems. The variable reluctance resolvers, as position sensors, are widely used in the drive of permanent magnet motors due to their simple and reliable strucutre. One of the most possible installation faults in these sensors is rotor and stator eccentricities that deteriorate the accuracy of the resolver. Therefore, axial flux variable reluctance (AFVR) resolvers have been proposed to decrease the influence of eccentricities on the output accuracy. Hence, optimizing the AFVR resolver structure is necessary for improving its commercial usage. However, its accurate modelling needs three-dimensional (3-D) time stepping finite element... 

Frequency-scan millimeter-wave imaging systems are of high interest due to their low cost and acceptable performance in many applications such as concealed-weapon-detection. In recent years, the performance of this system in view of imaging time, image quality and cost has been improved via its implementation based on metamaterial apertures. These structures take advantage from the famous theory of single pixel imaging in optics. Through using the compressive sensing principle, the number of required imaging modes for obtaining diffraction limited resolution is reduced which in turn lessens the imaging time and more importantly the required bandwidth. Still, the image quality and resolution... 

Linear position sensors are widely used in linear motion-control drives. In this thesis, the design, optimization, performance analysis, and prototyping of a linear variable reluctance, variable area resolver is discussed. To test the new design approach of the studied sensor, three-dimensional time-stepping finite element analysis (3-D TSFEA) is crucial. However, the 3D TSFEA is a very time-consuming method which leads to an inappropriate choice for co-using with optimization algorithms. Hence, an accurate analytical model based on a winding function (WF) method presented in favor of calculating the inductances, air-gap flux density, induced voltages precisely and yet is a very fast method,... 

Spatial-temporal duality is considered vastly as a powerful technic to process optical signal fast. Band-width and sampling rate are bottlenecks in real time capturing and processing of optical signals by analog to digital converters. There have been tremendous efforts in the field of optical processing in order to enhance the speed of processing or quality of optical beams. Another successful method in high speed processing of optical signals is the improvement of time-bandwidth product by applying group delay engineering. In this research I did my best to overcome the inherent restriction of band-width of imaging systems exploiting concepts of time lens and time prism in such a way that... 

A resolver is a position sensor that converts the angular position information of a mechanical shaft to electrical signals. Due to their machine-like structure, resolvers have been preferred to other position sensors like optical encoders for working in harsh environments with wide temperature variations, high vibrations, moisture, and dust. Besides, the resolution of a resolver is infinite, and it can provide absolute position information. A multi-turn resolver is a type of resolver that has been developed to provide absolute position information with very high precision. Conventional multi-turn resolver consists of two individual resolvers in a common frame. One of them determines... 

Photoacoustic imaging is one of the nascent imaging methods that has received a lot of attention in the last two decades. There are two major imaging challenges with this method, including the finite size of the transducer element and the limited view angles of the photoacoustic tomography arrangement. To compensate for the effects of finite transducer size, we have proposed a multi-angle detection method for circular photoacoustic imaging systems based on the synthetic aperture techniques, in the proposed method, each transducer, in addition to rotating around the scan center, also has a rotation in the around its center. This rotation depends on the cut-off frequency, the diameter of the... 

The fast-growing development of engineering and medical sciences leads to the diagnosis and treatment of diseases with higher accuracy and in the early stages of the disease. Medical imaging systems are considered as a crucial and effective tool in this field that based on the principle of technology used, are able to image various tissues with high quality. In recent years, photoacoustic imaging has attracted the attention of many researchers and engineers, because it able to image different tissues with good resolution and penetration depth non-invasively and without the use of ionizing radiation. The photoacoustic system response is a low-pass filter that passes only low-frequency... 

Nowadays, various policies are adopted by transportation managers and planners. These policies aim to improve system performance, reduce user costs, control and reduce air pollution, reduce noise pollution, and ultimately reduce congestion. A set of these policies in the form of transportation demand management is presented in the literature. A common way to find the effect of a policy on user behavior is to use questionnaires. Other causal inference models have been proposed in disciplines such as statistics, political science, marketing science, epidemiology, and psychology. The purpose of these models is to find the causal effect of an intervention (treatment) on a system. These studies... 

Position sensors are an integral part of electric machine control systems. There are different ways to determine the position. The most common methods are using resolvers or optical encoders. Resolver is the recommended in harsh environments where there is wide temperature variation, vibration, and dust. Despite their good features, resolvers face challenges such as eccentricity, short circuit fault, single-phase disconnection, and non-ideal signal voltage. The Resolver chosen in this research is the variable reluctance resolver with variable air gap length. Although this type of resolvers is cheaper than wound rotor resolvers, but its position error is high under electrical and mechanical... 

Measuring the speed and position of the rotating part and using the speed and position information in the closed loop control of electric machines is very important. Various sensors are available for this purpose, including resistive sensors, capacitive sensors, encoders, synchros, resolvers, Halleffect sensors, and etc. Common encoders include optical and magnetic types. There are two main problems in using an encoder as a sensor: determining/maintaining accuracy during change of rotational direction and determining the absolute position. Both of the mentioned challenges have been investigated in the case of optical encoders and some solutions have been provided to overcome them. Although... 

Position sensors are an inevitable part of motion control mechanisms with inverter-driven electric machines. Encoders and resolvers are two common types of position sensors. Resolvers are preferred over encoders due to their superior performance in polluted and noisy environments with wide temperature variation or high vibration. Conventional resolvers are synchronous generators whose excitation winding is fed by an AC instead of a DC voltage. There are different types of resolvers for determining position in linear or rotational motions. However, increasing usage of two-degree of freedom (2-DOF) motors for simultaneous rotational and linear motion leads to request for helical motion... 

In recent years, UWB multiple access communication systems have received a great attention due to its many advantages. The most important advantages of a UWB system can be summarized as its high data rates, low power consumption, fading immunity and high precision routing. One of the important problems in a UWB system implementation is in its receiver part in which in order to use a coherent RAKE receiver, the channel coefficients have to be estimated. Since UWB channel is a dense multipath fading channel with a very high number of resolvable paths, the channel coefficient estimation based on using training sequence is very complicated. To resolve this problem, transmit reference (TR)... 

Endurance Time (ET) is a fairly comprehensive analytical method based on time history analysis applied for evaluating structural systems excited by dynamic loading of earthquake. In such evaluation assessment measure is based on endurance time of structure versus applied accelerogram function and parameters such as stiffness, lateral resistance, period of vibration and dynamic characteristics are not used directly. In this research nonlinear dynamic analysis of elevated steel tanks with laterally braced framed tower under the loading of earthquake records and ET accelerograms was studied and effectivity of ET method in analyzing such elevated tanks was verified. Due to complication of... 

One of the most common devices for terahertz (THz) wave generation and detection is a Terahertz photoconductive antenna. Impedance matching between the antenna and the photoconductive material is a primary factor to obtain high optical-THz conversion efficiency. Because of the time dependant conductivity of the photoconductive material, impedance mismatching is an obstacle for generating high power THz pulses. Moreover, the range of laser power (when using Ti:Sapphire) from the excitation source varies from a few tens of milliwatts to a few watts while the radiated THz power as compared to this laser pump power is very low (in the order of a few μW); this means a low power conversion... 

In this study, Euler-Bernoulli and Timoshenko beams with delayed boundary control are investigated. Deriving governing dynamic feedback control equations, exponential stability of these beams are obtained under more generalized conditions. For this purpose, time delay of system is omitted using tools in control engineering; then, an appropriate control approachis is found for this modified system.In the next step,closed loop system is extracted, which demonstrate that system is stable exponentially. This stability which is acquired for closed loop systems is also valid for primary system  

Daily price limits are boundaries that regulators impose to control daily volatility in stock market. This paper studies the impact of an imposing price limit in Tehran Stock Exchange. To this end we use all the data about companies which were accepted in stock exchange and fara-stock exchange in 1392.In this year the price limit imposed on companies in stock exchange and fara-stock exchange are 4 and 5 percent respectively. Therefore, to estimate the effect of price limit we use the propensity score matching method and inverse probability weighting.The results indicate no significant differences between returns and trade volume between 4% and 5% price limits, but a significant difference... 

Real-time (RT) communication support is a critical requirement for many complex embedded applications which are currently targeted to Network-on-chip (NoC) platforms. Average Delay and Average Bandwidth are historically the popular metrics used to evaluate the performance of an on-chip network. For RT communication, guaranteeing Minimum Delay and Maximum Bandwidth (performance bounds) which are known as the metrics for Quality-of-Service (QoS) have been at great importance during recent years. Networks-on-chip are classified to Best-Effort (BE) and Guaranteed-Service (GS) networks. Packets are processed without any precedence in BE networks, while there are special hardware and controlling... 

The goal of this research is to obtain optimal toll for saveh-salafchegan, Tehran-pardis and Ghazvin-karaj highways. To obtain optimal toll, Small and Yan value pricing model was extended and then parametrs of the model was estimated by using daily data of Maintenance and road transport Organization, then value of time parameter was structurally estimated and optimall toll was numerically obtained for the highways. Finally sensitivity analysis was performed for all parameters. Results show that optimall toll for saveh-salafchegan highway is unique and respectively, are in interval τ≤0.03 and τ≤3.72 . Magnitude of value of time of road users and difference between value of time of users...