Sharif Digital Repository

This thesis is going to investigate the ontological foundation of Science and Tool. To this aim, it refers to Heidegger’s works especially the Being and time. Heidegger gets involve in analyzing Science in the Being and Time. He emphasizes on importance of establishment of a fundamental knowledge which should ontologically recognize basic concepts and methods of Sciences, to cause a real progress in sciences. Heidegger also asserts that the Mathematical interpretation of the world is not a fundamental, and it must be replaced with phenomenological interpretation, which clarifies the ontological foundation of the theoretical view, and regards to all aspects of world’s existence. In this... 

In this thesis we review different approaches to the theory of value laden technology and realize that there are at least two major ideas about this. Some philosophers believe that technology is not a mere instrument and has a value laden nature. In contrast some others count technology as something neutral which contains no social or moral value. After explaining this ideas, in the second chapter we examine different models which explain the relation between technology and moral and social values and show how this values can contribute in design and use of technologies. In chapter three we talk about different methods used to steer technology in a desirable way which is in accordance with... 

Water desalination is one of the most important issues for human being. Water desalination is the whole process of removing salts from water. This process is widely used in urban, industrial, and commercial applications and its efficiency has been improved with the development of desalination industry. One of the new methods of water desalination is membrane distillation, in which water desalination is performed using an appropriate membrane. In this research work, the membrane distillation process of saline water has been modeled and simulated using Comsol Multisphysics software through simultaneously solving the governing equations of momentum, thermal energy and mass transfer. The model... 

Mixed-critical systems (MCSs) use a common hardware platform to schedule and execute tasks with multiple critical levels. Multi-core processors are commonly used by these systems, and batteries are frequently employed to provide the energy they require due to their portable nature or lack of access to large energy sources. Therefore, it is essential to use energy-management methods, such as dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS) and dynamic power management (DPM), to reduce their energy consumption. Using power/energy management methods can lead to missed deadlines due to increased execution time of tasks. In two-level mixed-critical systems, the lack of correct and timely execution of... 

In this dissertation, we will attempt a discussion of some ethical implications of genetic enhancement and present an argument against certain group of enhancements. We will demonstrate that this discussion requires a distinction between therapy and enhancement, therefore the arguments for and againt this distinction will be examined but it will be adopted in the end based on its merits. We will also show how genetic enhancement is a real possibility that will be available for consumers in the near future; and how probing the ethical issues surrounding the technology is quite necessary. We will then turn our focus to different theories of normative ethics and an examination of their merits... 

Since the beginning of philosophy in ancient Greek, making use of the partial induction has been a challenging issue. The diversity of the challenges, from the fallibility of induction to the peculiar consequences brought about by using inductive inference, has raised seemingly impassable blockages in the way of rational using of inductive inference. But philosophers who are optimistic about induction, always seek novel solutions which can overcome the existing problems of the rational utilization of induction. Mohammad Baqer Sadr is one of these philosophers who, in his book Logical Foundations of Induction, has done a delicate and creative work to overcome these barriers. In this thesis,... 

Carbon dioxide is one of the main geenhouse gases emitted from factories as well as transportation vehicles that adversely affect the atmosphere and cause global warming. Among the proposed solutions to reduce carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, carbon dioxide separation would be the most viable medium-term approach. However, the high cost of carbon dioxide separation prevents the development of carbon dioxide absorption technologies. Therefore, it seems that integrating separation and production processes is the most efficient way to save energy and reduce carbon emissions. This method decrease a high proportion of the energy consumption in upstream operations (carbon dioxide removal,... 

1H-MRS thermometry as one of MRI thermometry methods, provides useful information about the distribution of the absolute temperature of tissue that can be used in diagnostic and therapeutic applications. It seems that the magnetic field inhomogeneity and the reduction of spectra resolution also affects the accuracy of MRS thermometry. To our knowledge, effects of magnetic field inhomogeneity on MRS thermometry has never been reported. In this study, we evaluated the effect of susceptibility inhomogeneity on MRS thermometry. In the first stage, MRS thermometry equation was derived in the presence of field inhomogeneity. Then simulation used for estimate the effect of filed inhomogeneity based... 

Truth and Method is one of the two or three most important works of this century on the philosophy of humanistic studies. The book is powerful, exciting, but undeniably difficult. Published when Gadamer was sixty, it gathers the ripe fruit of a lifetime's reading, teaching, and thinking. Because it is immersed in German philosophy and scholarship, the book is even more challenging for an American reader. An emerging body of commentary in English as well as the many shorter essays Gadamer has, happily, lived to write and which are increasingly available in translation provide additional means of access to his thought. Truth and Method, however, remains his magnum opus, the comprehensive and...