Sharif Digital Repository

In the business context, the normative criteria by which moral status of individuals and organizational decision making and actions are evaluated are extracted from a recently developed discipline called the business ethics. There are various successful and unsuccessful theoretical frameworks to formulate or describe ethical norms in the business context such as consequentialism, utilitarianism, egoism, principlism, virtuism, and deontological ethics. In this dissertation, moral issues commonly raised in the economic and political system of capitalism have been investigated from a deontological point of view through the notion of “Kantian Capitalism” that was initially coined by the... 

In the extension of his former developments of the theories of philosophy of mind and language, John Searle (1932- ) proceeded into the realm of social reality by his The Construction of Social Reality and Making the Social World, written in 1995 and 2010 respectively. With his naturalistic background, he placed his new theory on top of his former theories of mind and language already naturalized and fully worked out. As we will see, social reality comes with our three marvelous capacities, not coming together, to the extent we know, in animals other than us: collective intentionality, assignment of function, and language; all of them already being treated by Searle, in a naturalized manner,... 

In this dissertation, we will attempt a discussion of some ethical implications of genetic enhancement and present an argument against certain group of enhancements. We will demonstrate that this discussion requires a distinction between therapy and enhancement, therefore the arguments for and againt this distinction will be examined but it will be adopted in the end based on its merits. We will also show how genetic enhancement is a real possibility that will be available for consumers in the near future; and how probing the ethical issues surrounding the technology is quite necessary. We will then turn our focus to different theories of normative ethics and an examination of their merits...