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Application of Membrane Distillation Technology for Treating Saline Water of Sarcheshme Copper Refinery
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Shaygan, Jalaleddin (Supervisor)
Abstract
Sarcheshme Copper refinery is using ion exchange columns to supply deionized water to the refinery. Every day, 240 cubic meters of waste water from ion exchange columns process are released in nature. The main purpose of this research is to use membrane distillation to purify this wastewater, which reduces the fresh water requirement and at the same time prevents environmental pollution. Membrane distillation technology is capable to purify the high salinity wastewater that other conventional membrane technologies are not able to purify. In this study, the PTFE membrane was used due to its high permeability and low surface energy with pore size of 0.22 μm and membrane thickness of 0.2 to...
One Dimensional Numerical Simulation of Gas Exchange and Combustion Processes in a Port Fuel Injected Gasoline Engine to Optimize Intake Valve Lift, Timing, and Duration
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Hosseini, Vahid (Supervisor) ; Mozaffari, Ali Asghar (Co-Advisor)
Abstract
In the modern world, one of the largest concerns is the ever depleting supply of oil. The automotive industry is especially impacted. In recent years the price of gasoline has fluctuated substantially and the price of crude oil has reached record highs. The high price of gasoline coupled with the uncertainty of its availability and future price have put a high priority on fuel economy of an engine. In addition the emissions released from internal combustion (IC) engines are polluting the atmosphere. Many studies have linked the greenhouse gases produced by an automobile engine to the partial destruction of our atmosphere and to global warming. As a result the US government is passing...
Optimization and Kinetics of the Leaching of Titanium from Ilmenite and its Slag
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Halali, Mohammad (Supervisor)
Abstract
To obtain solutions containing Titanium, leaching of Ilmenite Concentrate of Kahnooj and its Slag by Sulfuric Acid 98% in various Conditions are Studied. Screening tests by Fractional Factorial method were designed, at this step effects of Temperature, Acid Concentration, Particle Size, Solid to liquid Ratio, Time and Stirring Speed were investigated and It was Concluded that Temperature, Time, Acid Concentration and Particle Size were the effective Parameters in both leaching process of Ilmenite and Slag. The Temperature, Time and Acid concentration had positive effect, whereas the Particle Size had negative effect. After screening step, effective parameters were optimized by Rotatable...
An Investigation on REEs' Cerium, Lanthanum, Neodymium Leaching from Phosphate Concentrate of Iron ore Waste in Hydrochloric Acid Environment and Study on Purification and Concentration of the Solution
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Youzbashizadeh, Hossein (Supervisor)
Abstract
Considering the demand for electronic and other products that rare earth elements are one of the necessary materials for their production, recovery of these elements plays an important roll today.The term “rare earth”, represents a group of 17 metalic elements with similar physical and chemical properties such as Sc,Y and lanthanides. Lanthanides are a group of elements with 57 to 71 atomic numbers and all of them except Pr, are present in earth crust.Some of these elements are available in phosphate concentrate(iron ore waste) of chadormalu in bafgh. Base on the analysis performed on apatite concatrate, it was represented that Ce,La and Nd elements are more than the others. So this research...
Investigation of the Effect of Asphaltene on the Stability of Water-oil Emulsion
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Taghikhani, Vahid (Supervisor) ; Baghban Salehi, Mahsa (Supervisor) ; Masihi, Mohsen (Supervisor)
Abstract
During the production of crude oil from reservoirs, the production of quantities of formation water along with this oil, causes the crude oil does not have the necessary indicators for transportation, refining and ultimately export. The presence of water and salt along with crude oil causes corrosion of refinery and transmission equipment and makes oil unfavorable in terms of economic efficiency (both for domestic use and for export). water and salt produce stable emulsion with oil that can be stable for a long time and can not be easily separated from crude oil. Therefore, separation of water and salt from crude oil is one of the most important issues in the oil industry. Breaking this...
Synthesis of Activated Carbon Fabric as Electrode Material for Electrochemical Energy Storage Applications
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Madaah Hosseini, Hamid Reza (Supervisor)
Abstract
The search for sustainable and clean energy sources to replace fossil fuels has become one of the most important scientific and technological challenges today due to the threat of fossil fuel shortages and environmental pollution. Therefore, the need for clean energy production and storage resources, including supercapacitors, has increased day by day. Today, supercapacitors have been considered suitable for energy storage due to their high-power density, appropriate energy density, long cycle life, and high safety. The aim of the present study was to obtain activated carbon fabric as electrode material in electrochemical energy storage applications and specifically supercapacitors. The...
Optimization of platinum extraction by Trioctylphosphine oxide in the presence of alkaline-metal salts
, Article Procedia Engineering, 25 August 2012 through 29 August 2012 ; Volume 42 , August , 2012 , Pages 1302-1312 ; 18777058 (ISSN) ; Kazemeini, M ; Sharif University of Technology
2012
Abstract
Effect of alkaline metal salts on the solvent extraction of platinum from leached spent dehydrogenation catalysts (Pt/Al2O3) in aqua-regia by the Trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) has been investigated. Best salting out effect was achieved using KCl as the additive salt in which process upto 90% of Platinum extraction achieved. Response Surface methodology utilized in order to design the experiments, model the extraction process for platinum and aluminum as well as; optimize the whole process. It was shown that solvent extraction of platinum by TOPO was kinetically fast and the needed equilibrium time for it was less than 30 seconds. In the present study, proposed models for platinum and...
Deep oxidative desulfurization via rGO-immobilized tin oxide nanocatalyst: Experimental and theoretical perspectives
, Article Advanced Powder Technology ; Volume 33, Issue 3 , 2022 ; 09218831 (ISSN) ; Kazemeini, M ; Hasannia, S ; Ekramipooya, A ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier B.V
2022
Abstract
In this contribution, reduced grapheme oxides (rGO) with immobilized tin oxide (SnO2) nanocatalysts were synthesized via the Incipient Wetness Impregnation (IWI) method. To characterize the SnO2/rGO composites, several analyses including the; XRD, Raman, FTIR, ICP-OES, BET-BJH, XPS, TEM, and TPD were utilized. Then the effects of parameters including reaction time, total metal loading, and the initial sulfur concentration of model fuel in the dibenzothiophene (DBT) oxidation desulfurization process were evaluated. After determining the optimal conditions for the aforementioned parameters, the influences of 3 effective factors of the molar ratio of oxidant/substrate (O/S), the molar ratio of...
The oxidative desulfurization process performed upon a model fuel utilizing modified molybdenum based nanocatalysts: Experimental and density functional theory investigations under optimally prepared and operated conditions
, Article Applied Surface Science ; Volume 527 , 2020 ; Kazemeini, M ; Rashidi, A ; Seif, A ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier B.V
2020
Abstract
CoMo/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) catalyst was synthesized for the oxidative desulfurization process (ODS) of dibenzothiophene (DBT) in n-decane. Parameters including total metal (Co and Mo) loading, Co/Mo and CA (citric Acid)/Mo molar ratios were investigated toward achieving optimum conditions. The catalysts were characterized by the XRD, ICP, FTIR, Raman Spectroscopy, BET-BJH, NH3-TPD, XPS, and TEM methods. The product sulfur content was measured by the ICP-OES while the product was evaluated using FTIR and 1H NMR analyses. All experimental stages were designed using Design-Expert software. High BET area, acidity, uniform particle size, and Co-promoter played key roles in this...