Sharif Digital Repository

A pyrophosphate based solution, as an acidic electrolyte, was developed for bronze electroplating. By using a statistical experimental design, response surface method, the effects of five factors [copper concentration (Cu), tin concentration (Sn), pyrophosphate concentration (P), current density j and pH] on the composition of the electroplated alloy as well as the process efficiency were evaluated. Statistical analysis indicated that all the parameters were significant and a second order polynomial model was successfully fitted to the data for both the alloy composition and the process efficiency. Based on the results obtained, a solution of Cu(II)8.04 g L -1, Sn(II)=26.36 g L -1, P=113.22... 

A novel approach is obtained during the fabrication of NiCoFe-B nanotube arrays via electroless method. Porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates fabricated by anodization of aluminum foil were sensitized using PdCl 2 solution and immersed into electroless plating baths at room temperature to produce nanotube arrays. Compositional and morphological properties of the nanotube arrays are characterized. Results indicates the formation of end-closed nanotubes with the dimension of 100-130 nm in outside diameter, which is determined by the pore size of the AAO template, and about 15 nm in thickness of tube walls. The possible formation mechanism of end-closed metallic nanotube arrays is... 

Airborne hexavalent chromium is a known human respiratory carcinogen and allergen. Many workers are exposed to hexavalent chromium in various processes which chromium electroplating plants are the most common. In this study, the feasibility of a new control approach to remove this pollutant using chitosan beads as a biosorbent was investigated. Hexavalent chromium sorption was studied relative to pH, pollution concentration, sorbent concentration, temperature, and air velocity using one factor at a time approach and Taguchi experimental design. Polluted air with different chromium mist concentrations (10-5000 μg/m3) was contacted to chitosan beads (3.3-20 g/L), floating in distilled water... 

Considerable researches have been focused on zinc-iron (Zn-Fe) alloy coatings due to their superior characteristics among zinc alloy electrodeposits in recent years. The corrosion behavior of these coatings depends on the phase structure and morphology of the Zn-Fe deposits. In this work the effects of pulse plating variables such as current density, off-time, frequency and pulse modes on the morphology and phase structure of Zn-Fe deposits was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) analysis. The corrosion behavior of these coatings was measured by means of polarization curves and Neutral salt spray tests. It was shown... 

HVOF-sprayed coatings (WC-17%Co) and hard chromium coatings corrosion resistances have been compared through electrochemical polarization test in 3.5% NaCl solution. WC-17%Co alloy coatings were deposited on mild steel substrates by High Velocity Oxy-Fuel (HVOF) spray process. The layers of standard and crack free hard chromium coatings were prepared by using Direct Current (DC) and Pulse Current (PC) electroplating process on the mild steel substrates. Hard chromium coatings was characterized as a reference material, to verify whether HVOF-sprayed coatings are suitable as a hard chromium coatings replacement. The microstructure of the coatings was examined by OM, SEM and XRD. Standard hard... 

In order to produce a thick near equi-atomic NiTi intermetallic layer on the surface of titanium plate, layers of nickel with thicknesses of 30 μm and 60 μm were electroplated on commercial pure (Cp) titanium and subsequently were heat treated at 850°C and 900°C. The effects of heat treating temperature and the thickness of electroplated nickel on the evolution of the microstructure and mechanical properties were studied. The results confirm the formation of various intermetallic layers in the coatings that substantially affect their hardness. The optimum condition for the formation of a thick NiTi intermetallic layer on the outer surface of the titanium was diffusion treatment of the sample... 

In this study, friction stir soldering (FSS) as an emerging joining process with the aid of a preliminary electroplating process was utilized for the first time to fabricate graphite-copper lap joints aimed at investigation of rotational speed influence on joint interface microstructure and mechanical behaviour. To do so, an Sn-37Pb solder foil was placed between a copper sheet and a copper-coated graphite substrate after which a rotating pin-free tool was plunged into the copper sheet and allowed to travel along the joint. Results indicated that adhesive strength between the electroplated copper coating and graphite substrate was strongly affected by surface roughness and plating current... 

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) decorated with Cu2O particles were grown on a Ni catalyst layer deposited on a Cu substrate by thermal chemical vapor deposition from liquid petroleum gas. Ni catalyst nanoparticles with different sizes were produced in an electroplating system at 45 °C using the corrosive effect of H2SO4 which was added to solution. These nanoparticles provide the nucleation sites for CNT growth avoiding the need for a buffer layer. The surface morphology of the Ni catalyst films and CNT growth over this catalyst was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). High temperature surface segregation of the Cu substrate into the Ni catalyst layer and its exposition to O2 at... 

This paper addresses the fabrication of bronze-nano-graphite coatings containing 30. nm sized graphite particles. Addition of Poly Vinyl Pyrrolidone (PVP) and dispersing the suspension by ultrasound was utilized to stabilize the electroplating solution. Pulsed current electrodeposition was used and the deposits were characterized in terms of graphite content, particle dispersion in coating and morphology. The wear behavior of the coating was compared to bronze-micro-graphite coatings prepared with the same experimental conditions. The present coating showed improved wear resistance in comparison to bronze-micro-graphite coatings at the same graphite content  

Nanoparticulated TiO 2 fibers as one-dimensional long structures were introduced into TiO 2 P25 nanoparticle films using coelectrophoretic deposition. This prevented the usual crack formation occurring in wet coatings, and resulted in less porosity and higher roughness factor of the films that provided more favorable conditions for electron transport. The films used as the photoanode of a dye solar cell (DSC) produced 65% higher photovoltaic efficiency. TiO 2 fibers can be excellent binders in single-step, organic-free electrophoretic deposition of TiO 2 for DSC photoanode  

Cu-Sn composites incorporated with graphite and/or SiC particles were produced by electrodeposition technique. The effect of particle concentration in the plating bath and current density on tin content and volume percentage of particles in the coatings has been investigated. Structure, morphology, micro hardness and wear properties of the coatings have been studied. The results showed that particles cause an increase of tin content in the plated Cu-Sn. Graphite and silicon carbide particles had different effects on coating hardness; 7.8. vol.% graphite decreased the hardness of Cu-Sn layer from 231. Hv to 172. Hv whereas, 5.1. vol.% SiC raised the hardness to 316. Hv. Moreover, friction... 

Composite coatings containing self-lubricant particles like graphite, MoS2, PTFE are extensively used to decrease the coefficient of friction of tribo-surfaces. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of pulse electrodeposition parameters on particle codeposition process and characteristics of bronze-graphite composite coatings electrodeposited from cyanide-stannate bronze electroplating bath. Results showed a slight increase in tin content and a promising increase in hardness of bronze coating by a decrease in duty cycle at constant average current density. Both tin content of the coating and grain refinement seem to participate in hardness enhancement. By increasing the... 

Electrodeposited composite and nanocomposite layers have attracted considerable attention as engineering coatings, due to their favourable tribological properties and corrosion resistance. Ni[sbnd]Co alloy matrix composite coatings are particularly significant due to their extensive and developing industrial applications. Ceramic nanoparticles are commonly incorporated into the Ni[sbnd]Co alloy matrix to further improve their properties, opening new windows for industrial applications. This review aims to comprehensively assess the influence of operating parameters (including the type of current control, plating bath conditions, particle loading and size) on the deposit properties.... 

A new approach is presented in this paper to determine the degree of system well-being in the form of healthy, marginal and at risk state indices using the fuzzy logic concepts. Conventional well-being method uses a crisp deterministic criterion to divide power system comfort zone into the healthy and marginal states. In this regard, the main drawback is associated with categorising the system performance in the comfort zone into the healthy and marginal states. To overcome this problem, a new approach is developed that categorises the states as healthy or marginal using fuzzy logic. The technique together with the effects on the system risk and the system health and margin probabilities of... 

Nonprecious and effective electrocatalyst development is an essential requirement for boosting water-splitting efficiency to obtain clean and sustainable fuels for future renewable energy demands. Herein, we reported an ultrafast and feasible strategy for constructing an S-doped bimetallic iron/nickel oxy(hydroxide) (S-(Fe/Ni)OOH) as a superior electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction (OER). It is prepared by consequent electroplating of nickel nanocone arrays (NiNCAs) on carbon cloth (CC) and stainless-steel mesh (SSM) and then formation of S-(Fe/Ni)OOH layers on them by ultrafast one-step oxidation solution-phase method in the solution of Fe3+ and sodium thiosulfate at room...