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- Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
- Language: English
- Document No: 41961 (57)
- University: Sharif University of Technology, International Campus, Kish Island
- Department: Science and Engineering
- Advisor(s): Dolati, Abolghasem; Mohammadi, Mohammad Reza
- Abstract:
- In this thesis, the hardness of Ni-Cr alloys is optimized by design of experiment (DOE) method (Central Composite Design) in pulse electrodeposition performed in chloride solution. Various parameters were evaluated for finding significant factors in pulse electrodeposition of Ni-Cr alloy. Frequency, duty cycle, current density and temperature were selected as effective factors. 30 experiments were designed by the central composite design method. Analyses of Variance (ANOVA) were performed on the results of these 30 experiments. The best models which can predict the hardness, Cr content, deposition rate, thickness and cathode efficiency of Ni-Cr alloy electrodeposits were found and introduced. These models indicated that the frequency and quadratic behaviour of current density are the most significant model terms in hardness prediction model. Serious interaction of current density with frequency and duty cycle were also found in this model. Similar analyses of variance were performed on other purposes of this study and reported. Finally the optimum conditions of frequency, duty cycle, current density and temperature for obtaining the hardest Ni-Cr alloy electrodeposited (828 Hv) were discovered. Ni-Cr alloy which is electrodeposited with 63 Hz frequency, 18 A/dm2 current density, 75% duty cycle and 31ºC bath temperature were assessed as the optimum conditions. The optimum condition was examined by Atomic Force Microscope, Scanning Electron Microscope (with Edax attached), Polarization Curves and microhardness tester
- Keywords:
- Electroplating ; Pulse Current ; Central Composite Design ; Nickel-Chromium Alloy
Digital Object List-
محتواي پايان نامه - view
Bookmark- Iman Imanieh.pdf
- AUTHOR'S DECLARATION
- Abstract
- Acknowledgements
- Dedication
- List of Figures
- List of Tables
- CHAPTER 1
- Introduction
- CHAPTER 2
- Background
- 2-1-Chromium electrodeposition:
- 2-2-Nickel electrodeposition:
- 2-3-Alloy electrodeposition:
- 2-4-The application of Ni-Cr alloy electrodeposits:
- 2-5- Pulse plating of the Nickel- chromium alloy:
- 2-5-1- Some popular baths:
- 2-5-2- Effect of pulse parameters on electrodeposited properties:
- 2-5-2-1- Effect of electrodeposition current density on the chemical composition of Ni-Cr deposits:
- 2-5-2-2- Effect of pulse parameters on morphology of Ni-Cr deposits:
- 2-5-2-3- Effect of pulse parameters on hardness of Ni-Cr alloy deposits:
- 2-5-2-4- Effect of pulse parameters on corrosion behavior of Ni-Cr deposits:
- 2-6- Theory of Pulse plating:
- 2-6-1-Effect of pulse plating on crystallization:
- 2-6-2-The role of pulse reverse in electrodeposition:
- 2-6-3- Influence of pulse parameters on the morphology of deposits:
- 2-6-4- Considering the difference between charge and discharge time of electrical double layer and on and off time in pulse plating:
- 2-7- Experimental Design:
- CHAPTER 3
- Experimental methods
- 3-1-Materials:
- 3-2- Instruments and equipments:
- 3-3- Design of experiments for Ni-Cr alloy electrodeposition:
- 3-5- Hardness of the Ni-Cr alloy deposits:
- 3-6- Analyze of Variance of data which are obtained form Ni-Cr alloy electrodeposition:
- 3-7- Evaluating the optimum sample of the Ni-Cr alloy electrodeposited by pulse current:
- Chapter 4
- Results & Discussion
- 4-1-Effective parameters on the properties of the Ni-Cr electrodeposited alloy:
- 4-1-1- The effect of current density on Ni-Cr alloy electrodeposition:
- 4-1-2-The effect of acidity (pH) on Ni-Cr alloy electrodeposition:
- 4-1-3- The effect of Temperature on Ni-Cr alloy electrodeposition:
- 4-1-4-The effect of pulse parameters (frequency and duty cycle) on Ni-Cr alloy electrodeposition:
- 4-1-5-Other Effective parameters on the properties of the Ni-Cr electrodeposited alloy:
- 4-3- Morphologies of the Ni-Cr alloys electrodeposited by pulse current:
- //
- 4-4- Thickness of the Ni-Cr alloy coatings at different condition:
- 4-5- Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy results of the Ni-Cr alloy electrodeposited by pulse current:
- 4-6- Deposition Rates of the Ni-Cr alloys which electrodeposited in different conditions:
- 4-7-Cathode efficiency of the Ni-Cr alloy coatings at different conditions:
- 4-8- Hardness evaluation of the Ni-Cr alloy electrodeposited by pulse current:
- 4-9- Prediction of optimum condition for obtaining the best hardness of Ni-Cr alloy electrodeposits:
- 4-10- Evaluating the optimum sample of Ni-Cr alloy electrodeposited:
- 4-10-1- Atomic Force Microscopy results for the Ni-Cr alloy electrodeposited which is optimized by DOE means:
- 4-10-2- Morphology of the Ni-Cr alloy electrodeposited which is optimized by DOE means:
- 4-10-3- Hardness evaluation of the Ni-Cr alloy electrodeposited which is optimized by DOE means:
- 4-10-4- Corrosion behavior of the Ni-Cr alloy electrodeposited which is optimized by DOE means:
- 4-10-5- EDS result of the Ni-Cr alloy electrodeposited sample which is optimized by DOE means:
- CHAPTER 5
- Conclusions and Future Works
- 5-1- Conclusions:
- 5-2- Future Works:
- Iman Imanieh.pdf
- AUTHOR'S DECLARATION
- Abstract
- Acknowledgements
- Dedication
- List of Figures
- List of Tables
- CHAPTER 1
- Introduction
- CHAPTER 2
- Background
- 2-1-Chromium electrodeposition:
- 2-2-Nickel electrodeposition:
- 2-3-Alloy electrodeposition:
- 2-4-The application of Ni-Cr alloy electrodeposits:
- 2-5- Pulse plating of the Nickel- chromium alloy:
- 2-5-1- Some popular baths:
- 2-5-2- Effect of pulse parameters on electrodeposited properties:
- 2-5-2-1- Effect of electrodeposition current density on the chemical composition of Ni-Cr deposits:
- 2-5-2-2- Effect of pulse parameters on morphology of Ni-Cr deposits:
- 2-5-2-3- Effect of pulse parameters on hardness of Ni-Cr alloy deposits:
- 2-5-2-4- Effect of pulse parameters on corrosion behavior of Ni-Cr deposits:
- 2-6- Theory of Pulse plating:
- 2-6-1-Effect of pulse plating on crystallization:
- 2-6-2-The role of pulse reverse in electrodeposition:
- 2-6-3- Influence of pulse parameters on the morphology of deposits:
- 2-6-4- Considering the difference between charge and discharge time of electrical double layer and on and off time in pulse plating:
- 2-7- Experimental Design:
- CHAPTER 3
- Experimental methods
- 3-1-Materials:
- 3-2- Instruments and equipments:
- 3-3- Design of experiments for Ni-Cr alloy electrodeposition:
- 3-5- Hardness of the Ni-Cr alloy deposits:
- 3-6- Analyze of Variance of data which are obtained form Ni-Cr alloy electrodeposition:
- 3-7- Evaluating the optimum sample of the Ni-Cr alloy electrodeposited by pulse current:
- Chapter 4
- Results & Discussion
- 4-1-Effective parameters on the properties of the Ni-Cr electrodeposited alloy:
- 4-1-1- The effect of current density on Ni-Cr alloy electrodeposition:
- 4-1-2-The effect of acidity (pH) on Ni-Cr alloy electrodeposition:
- 4-1-3- The effect of Temperature on Ni-Cr alloy electrodeposition:
- 4-1-4-The effect of pulse parameters (frequency and duty cycle) on Ni-Cr alloy electrodeposition:
- 4-1-5-Other Effective parameters on the properties of the Ni-Cr electrodeposited alloy:
- 4-3- Morphologies of the Ni-Cr alloys electrodeposited by pulse current:
- //
- 4-4- Thickness of the Ni-Cr alloy coatings at different condition:
- 4-5- Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy results of the Ni-Cr alloy electrodeposited by pulse current:
- 4-6- Deposition Rates of the Ni-Cr alloys which electrodeposited in different conditions:
- 4-7-Cathode efficiency of the Ni-Cr alloy coatings at different conditions:
- 4-8- Hardness evaluation of the Ni-Cr alloy electrodeposited by pulse current:
- 4-9- Prediction of optimum condition for obtaining the best hardness of Ni-Cr alloy electrodeposits:
- 4-10- Evaluating the optimum sample of Ni-Cr alloy electrodeposited:
- 4-10-1- Atomic Force Microscopy results for the Ni-Cr alloy electrodeposited which is optimized by DOE means:
- 4-10-2- Morphology of the Ni-Cr alloy electrodeposited which is optimized by DOE means:
- 4-10-3- Hardness evaluation of the Ni-Cr alloy electrodeposited which is optimized by DOE means:
- 4-10-4- Corrosion behavior of the Ni-Cr alloy electrodeposited which is optimized by DOE means:
- 4-10-5- EDS result of the Ni-Cr alloy electrodeposited sample which is optimized by DOE means:
- CHAPTER 5
- Conclusions and Future Works
- 5-1- Conclusions:
- 5-2- Future Works: